Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Resting-state functional connectivity is the synchronization of brain regions with each another. Alterations are suggestive of neurologic or psychological disorders. This article discusses methods and approaches used to describe resting-state brain connectivity and the results in neurotypical and diseased brains.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2017
ReviewApplication of Resting State Functional MR Imaging to Presurgical Mapping: Language Mapping.
Resting state functional MR imaging (rs-fMR imaging) has become an indispensable tool for examining brain function. The greatest opportunity to translate rs-fMR imaging from the research domain into clinical use is as a tool for examining intrinsic brain networks for preoperative planning. Many studies have demonstrated concordance of intrinsic motor networks from rs-fMR imaging data with task-fMR imaging and direct cortical stimulation. Earlier reports show concordance of language networks as well, although more recent studies with larger numbers of subjects demonstrate subject-level variability that needs to be further investigated and addressed before widespread implementation of rs-fMR imaging for preoperative planning.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2017
ReviewResting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Presurgical Functional Mapping: Sensorimotor Localization.
This article compares resting-state functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging with task fMR imaging for presurgical functional mapping of the sensorimotor (SM) region. Before tumor resection, 38 patients were scanned using both methods. ⋯ A paired t-test showed higher overlap between resting-state maps and anatomic references compared with task activation when using a maximal overlap criterion. Resting state-derived maps are more comprehensive than those derived from task fMR imaging.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2017
ReviewLimitations of Resting-State Functional MR Imaging in the Setting of Focal Brain Lesions.
Methods of image acquisition and analysis for resting-state functional MR imaging (rsfMR imaging) are still evolving. Neurovascular uncoupling and susceptibility artifact are important confounds of rsfMR imaging in the setting of focal brain lesions such as brain tumors. This article reviews the detection of these confounds using rsfMR imaging metrics in the setting of focal brain lesions. In the near future, with the wide range of ongoing research in rsfMR imaging, these issues likely will be overcome and will open new windows into brain function and connectivity.