Neuroimaging clinics of North America
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2021
ReviewDynamic Brain Connectivity in Resting State Functional MR Imaging.
Dynamic functional connectivity adds another dimension to resting-state functional MR imaging analysis. In recent years, dynamic functional connectivity has been increasingly used in resting-state functional MR imaging, and several studies have demonstrated that dynamic functional connectivity patterns correlate with different physiologic and pathologic brain states. In fact, evidence suggests that dynamic functional connectivity is a more sensitive marker than static functional connectivity; therefore, it might be a promising tool to add to clinical functional neuroimaging. This article provides a broad overview of dynamic functional connectivity and reviews its general principles, techniques, and potential clinical applications.
-
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is useful for localizing eloquent cortex in the brain prior to neurosurgery. Language and motor paradigms offer a wide range of tasks to test brain regions within the language and motor networks. With the help of fMRI, hemispheric language dominance can be determined. ⋯ These findings are critical for presurgical planning. The most important factor in presurgical fMRI is patient performance. Patient interview and instruction time are crucial to ensure that patients understand and comply with the fMRI paradigm.
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2021
ReviewUtility of Preoperative Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent Functional MR Imaging in Patients with a Central Nervous System Neoplasm.
Functional neuroimaging provides means to understand the relationship between brain structure and associated functions. Functional MR (fMR) imaging can offer a unique insight into preoperative planning for central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms by identifying areas of the brain effected or spared by the neoplasm. ⋯ In patients with brain tumors undergoing neurosurgical intervention, fMR imaging can decrease postoperative morbidity. This article discusses the applications, significance, and interpretation of BOLD fMR imaging, and its applications in presurgical planning for CNS neoplasms.
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2021
ReviewResting State Functional MR Imaging of Language Function.
Resting state functional MR imaging methods can provide localization of the language system; however, presurgical functional localization of the language system with task-based functional MR imaging is the current standard of care before resection of brain tumors. These methods provide similar results and comparing them could be helpful for presurgical planning. We combine information from 3 data resources to provide quantitative information on the components of the language system. Tables and figures compare anatomic information, localization information from resting state fMR imaging, and activation patterns in different components of the language system expected from commonly used task fMR imaging experiments.