Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2013
ReviewPediatric multiple sclerosis: pathobiological, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging features.
In this article, the pathobiological, clinical, and treatment aspects of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) are summarized, and the conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (ie, T1-weighted, proton-density, and T2-weighted imaging) features of MS in children are discussed, as well as the application of MR imaging in the diagnosis of pediatric-onset MS and in prediction of MS in children with an incident central nervous system demyelination. Insights gained from studies comparing MR imaging features of pediatric-onset and adult-onset MS are presented.
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Inflammatory brain diseases in childhood are underrecognized and lead to devastating yet potentially reversible deficits. New-onset neurologic or psychiatric deficits in previously healthy children mandate an evaluation for an underlying inflammatory brain disease. ⋯ Clinical symptoms, initial laboratory test, and neuroimaging studies help to differentiate between different causes; however, more invasive tests, such as lumbar puncture, conventional angiography, and/or brain biopsy, are usually necessary before the start of treatment. This article focuses on childhood CNS vasculitis.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2013
ReviewPitfalls in image guided tissue sampling in the head and neck.
Image-guided tissue sampling is becoming increasingly important for management of head and neck cancers. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (UG-FNA) is safe, effective, and has many advantages compared with palpation-guided FNA and computed tomography-guided FNA. ⋯ Proper technique and recognition of pitfalls are critical to successful UG-FNA. Computed tomography-guided FNA is valuable for tissue sampling from deep lesions and for those without a sonographic window for UG-FNA.