Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Rectus sheath block for diagnostic laparoscopy.
Sixty adult females of ASA grade 1 or 2 scheduled to undergo diagnostic laparoscopy were allocated randomly to one of two groups. In group A, laparoscopy was performed with a standardised general anaesthetic technique alone. ⋯ Postoperative analgesia was assessed at 1, 6 and 10 hours after operation. Visual analogue pain scores in group B were significantly lower than in group A despite a greater use of intramuscular analgesic injections in group A (p less than 0.005 in each case).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Anaesthetic induction with isoflurane or halothane. Oxygen saturation during induction with isoflurane or halothane in unpremedicated children.
The authors performed a randomised, prospective trial in which one junior anaesthetist administered gaseous induction of anaesthesia to 50 unpremedicated children with either isoflurane or halothane in nitrous oxide and oxygen. Arterial oxygen saturation and the electrocardiogram were monitored and the incidence of complications noted. ⋯ Coughing, movement, laryngospasm and sinus tachycardia occurred more frequently with isoflurane. Isoflurane inductions took longer (7.9 as compared with 5.4 minutes, p less than 0.001) and had 4.25 times the number of complications.
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In a study of 144 children aged 1-12 years, attempts were made to assess the ED50 and ED90 of the intravenous induction agent, propofol. The doses required for loss of eyelash reflex and tolerance of facemask, in 50% of unpremedicated children, were 1.6 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg respectively. ⋯ This probably corresponds to an effective induction dose. Pain and movement on induction were common; the incidence was 27% and 21.5% respectively.
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Biography Historical Article
The Alcock chloroform vaporizer. An early calibrated temperature-compensated plenum apparatus in its historical context.
A long-forgotten chloroform inhaler, probably the first accurately calibrated, temperature compensatable, plenum vaporizer, is described. Its place in the dosimetric movement at the beginning of the 20th century is considered, together with a brief account of the life of its designer.