Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The oesophageal detector device. An assessment with uncuffed tubes in children.
In 100 children between the ages of 1-10 years, observers of differing experience reliably and rapidly detected 50 oesophageal and 50 tracheal intubations in a randomised single-blind trial using the original oesophageal detector device. However, only two children under the age of 2 years were tested and no conclusions can be drawn for this age group from this study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Topical glyceryl trinitrate and eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics in children. A randomised controlled trial on choice of site and ease of venous cannulation.
One hundred and four children aged between 1 and 11 years were studied in a double-blind randomised controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus placebo, when used in addition to standard eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics cream. Each child received glyceryl trinitrate ointment on one hand and placebo on the other, and thus acted as his/her own control. ⋯ Skin colour and venous dilatation under the eutectic mixture were scored on a visual analogue scale. The addition of topical glyceryl trinitrate ointment to the standard eutectic mixture positively affected venous dilatation (p less than 0.01), choice of cannulation site (p less than 0.001), and ease of cannulation (p less than 0.001) of topical anaesthetic-treated skin.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of high and low doses of suxamethonium.
In a double-blind study, 67 young adult patients undergoing anaesthesia for dental extractions were allocated at random to receive either 0.5 mg/kg or 1.5 mg/kg suxamethonium. A greater increase in arterial pressure was seen following induction in the 1.5 mg/kg group, although overall intubating conditions were similar in the two groups. Suxamethonium-associated muscle pains were significantly more common in the group which received the larger dose (p less than 0.05).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rectus sheath and mesosalpinx block for laparoscopic sterilization.
Thirty patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic sterilisation were allocated at random to receive either a standardised general anaesthetic and rectus sheath block (group A), or standardised general anaesthetic combined with both rectus sheath and mesosalpinx blocks (group B). Group B patients had significantly less postoperative pain, as assessed by linear analogue scores (p less than 0.025), and analgesic requirement (p less than 0.05). By the 8th postoperative hour all 15 group B patients had been discharged from hospital, whilst only seven of 15 patients in group A were considered suitable for discharge at this time, (p less than 0.05).