Anaesthesia
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Tropisetron and metoclopramide in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A comparative, placebo controlled study in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.
One hundred and twenty patients undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery under general anaesthesia were investigated in a randomised, double-blind, parallel group study of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Patients received tropisetron 0.1 mg.kg-1, metoclopramide 0.25 mg.kg-1 or placebo given at the end of anaesthesia. ⋯ The patients in the placebo group required rescue antiemesis more often in the postanaesthesia care unit. Our results suggest that tropisetron may not be suitable as a routine, primary therapy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Epidural infusion of low-dose bupivacaine and opioid in labour. Does reducing motor block increase the spontaneous delivery rate?
Labouring women were randomly allocated to receive epidural infusions during labour of either 0.125% plain bupivacaine (n = 200) or a combination of 0.0625% bupivacaine with either 2.5 micrograms.ml-1 fentanyl or 0.25 micrograms.ml-1 sufentanil (n = 199) each starting at 12 ml.h-1 and adjusted as necessary to maintain analgesia. The dose of bupivacaine, both hourly (p < 0.001) and total (p < 0.001), was significantly lower in the group receiving the combination. Motor block was significantly less common and less severe in the combination group (p < 0.001). ⋯ Maternal satisfaction with first (p < 0.001) and second stage analgesia (p < 0.001) was significantly increased in the combination group. The addition of opioid to the epidural infusion did not reduce the incidence of perineal pain. There were no significant differences between the groups in neonatal outcome or the incidence of early postnatal symptoms.