Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A non-rebreathing coaxial anaesthesia system: dependence of end-tidal gas concentrations on fresh gas flow and tidal volume.
A non-rebreathing adaptation of the Bain coaxial anaesthesia circuit was developed in Nepal as a simple and economical anaesthetic system for underdeveloped countries. It was made by inserting a coaxial (Bain) tubing between an Ambu-E valve and an Ambu self-inflating bag. The present study examined the dependence of end-tidal gas concentrations on fresh gas flow and tidal volume during halothane/oxygen/air inhalation anaesthesia. ⋯ With increasing fresh gas flow rates, there were proportionate increases in the end-tidal concentrations of oxygen and halothane; with decreasing tidal volume and therefore less air dilution, there were proportionate increases in the end-tidal concentrations of carbon dioxide, oxygen and halothane. Both effects were statistically and clinically significant. Thus, when this system is used as described, the end-tidal concentrations of oxygen and halothane are highly dependent upon both the fresh gas flow and the tidal volume.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of subhypnotic doses of propofol on the incidence of pruritus after intrathecal morphine for caesarean section.
The effect of subhypnotic doses of propofol on intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus was studied in a prospective, randomly allocated, double-blind controlled trial. Fifty-eight women undergoing elective lower segment Caesarean section for a singleton fetus received spinal anaesthesia with 2.5 ml hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine and 0.2 mg of preservative-free morphine. They then received propofol 1 ml (10 mg) or Intralipid 1 ml (control group) intravenously after delivery. ⋯ No adverse side-effects were associated with this dose of propofol. There were no differences in the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting between the two groups. Subhypnotic propofol is not an effective treatment for intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus in women following Caesarean section.