American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyDaily Rifapentine for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a Randomized, Dose-ranging Trial.
Rifapentine has potent activity in mouse models of tuberculosis chemotherapy but its optimal dose and exposure in humans are unknown. ⋯ Daily rifapentine was well-tolerated and safe. High rifapentine exposures were associated with high levels of sputum sterilization at completion of intensive phase. Further studies are warranted to determine if regimens that deliver high rifapentine exposures can shorten treatment duration to less than 6 months. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00694629).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2015
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyClinical Features of Childhood Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia By Genotype and Ultrastructural Phenotype.
The relationship between clinical phenotype of childhood primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and ultrastructural defects and genotype is poorly defined. ⋯ Lung disease was heterogeneous across all ultrastructural and genotype groups, but worse in those with IDA/CA/MTD ultrastructural defects, most of whom had biallelic mutations in CCDC39 or CCDC40.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2015
Letter Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRevised definitions of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes: closer to the reality?
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2015
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyLung Cancer in COPD Patients: Development and Validation of the COPD LUng Cancer Screening Score (COPD-LUCSS).
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at high risk for lung cancer (LC) and represent a potential target to improve the diagnostic yield of screening programs. ⋯ The COPD-LUCSS is a good predictor of LC risk in patients with COPD participating in LC screening programs. Validation in two different populations adds strength to the findings.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2015
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialThe Preventability of Ventilator-Associated Events: The CDC Prevention Epicenters' Wake Up and Breathe Collaborative.
The CDC introduced ventilator-associated event (VAE) definitions in January 2013. Little is known about VAE prevention. We hypothesized that daily, coordinated spontaneous awakening trials (SATs) and spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) might prevent VAEs. ⋯ Enhanced performance of paired, daily SATs and SBTs is associated with lower VAE rates. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01583413).