International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Radical prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy for prostate cancer with or without preoperative androgen deprivation: Five-year results.
The effects of preoperative androgen deprivation on the outcomes of prostate cancer patients who received radical prostatectomy and subsequent adjuvant endocrine therapy have not yet been fully evaluated. ⋯ Preoperative androgen deprivation has no demonstrable benefit in 5-year outcomes for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy. However, it did increase the probability of OCD, which was associated with no clinical relapse during the follow-up. A longer observation is needed to clarify the exact extent of the benefits in terms of survival.
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The objective of the present study was to investigate the significance of microscopic venous invasion (MVI) as a prognostic factor for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who underwent radical surgery. ⋯ Microscopic venous invasion is not an independent prognostic factor in patients with non-metastatic RCC who underwent radical surgery; however, it could be the only independent predictor of disease-recurrence after radical surgery for patients with pT1 or pT2 disease.
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To salvage the testis, most urological surgeons advocate early exploration of enlarging scrotal masses or suspected testicular ruptures resulting from trauma. A case of testicular torsion within a hematoma, following blunt testicular trauma is presented, and we suggest that another indication for exploring a scrotal mass following blunt injury is to help establish an early diagnosis of torsion of the testicle.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
D-xylose absorption after urinary orthotopic bladder replacement: colon neobladder compared with ileal neobladder.
To evaluate the digestive and absorptive status using the D-xylose test in patients who underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic bladder replacement either by colon or ileal segment. ⋯ Despite acceptable nutritional status, intestinal malabsorption might be present in patients with ileal neobladder, as indicated by the plasma levels of D-xylose, while the colon neobladder group showed no significant differences compared with normal controls. Therefore, absorptive and metabolic status should be carefully monitored after ileal neobladder creation.
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Clinical Trial
Neoadjuvant androgen withdrawal prior to external radiotherapy for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
It is unclear whether positive interactions between radiation and androgen withdrawal for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer is synergistic or additive. The present study aimed to clarify the significance of neoadjuvant androgen ablation prior to external radiotherapy in a human prostate LNCaP tumor model and in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. ⋯ The experimental findings objectively suggested the use of neoadjuvant androgen withdrawal prior to radiation therapy. Although our clinical experience is preliminary, combined androgen ablation and radiation therapy may also be effective in controlling locally advanced prostate cancer, with tolerable side-effects.