Annals of surgery
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This retrospective cohort study examined whether bariatric surgery is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer among pre- and postmenopausal women. ⋯ Bariatric surgery was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer among severely obese women. These findings have significant public health relevance because the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, and few modifiable breast cancer risk factors have been identified, especially for premenopausal women.
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Comparative Study
Utilizing Machine Learning Methods for Preoperative Prediction of Postsurgical Mortality and Intensive Care Unit Admission.
To compare the performance of machine learning models against the traditionally derived Combined Assessment of Risk Encountered in Surgery (CARES) model and the American Society of Anaesthesiologists-Physical Status (ASA-PS) in the prediction of 30-day postsurgical mortality and need for intensive care unit (ICU) stay >24 hours. ⋯ Machine learning can be used to improve surgical risk prediction compared to traditional risk calculators. AUPRC should be used to evaluate model predictive performance instead of AUROC when the dataset is imbalanced.
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Comparative Study
County-level Variation in Use of Surgery and Cancer-specific Survival for Stage I-II Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.
The aim of the study was to describe county-level variation in use of surgery for stage I-II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the association between county surgery rates and cancer-specific survival (CSS). ⋯ County-specific rates of surgery varied substantially, and patients living in areas with higher surgery rates lived longer. These data suggest that increasing use of surgery in stage I-II PDAC could lead to improvements in survival.
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The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic impact of co-existence of APC and PIK3CA mutations in patients undergoing preoperative chemotherapy and resection for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). ⋯ Double mutation of APC and PIK3CA predicts inferior response to preoperative chemotherapy and poor survival in patients with CLM.
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To comprehensively assess the level of achievement and demographics of national surgical society presidents. ⋯ The ACS and ASA presidents' CVs displayed unsurpassed scholastic achievement, and although not equivalent, both the AWS and the SBAS presidents had comparable attainment. These findings further substantiate that women and ethnic minority surgeons are deserving of additional national leadership consideration as organized medicine pursues a more diverse and reflective physician workforce.