Annals of surgery
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Meta Analysis
The Effect of Perioperative Music on Medication Requirement and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis.
To assess and quantify the effect of perioperative music on medication requirement, length of stay and costs in adult surgical patients. ⋯ Perioperative music can reduce opioid and sedative medication requirement, potentially improving patient outcome and reducing medical costs as higher opioid dosage is associated with an increased risk of adverse events and chronic opioid abuse.
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With the recent approval of 2 NIRAF-based devices for label-free identification of PG by the Food and Drug Administration, it becomes crucial to educate the surgical community on the realistic scope of this emerging technology. Here, we have compiled a review of studies that utilize NIRAF and present a critical appraisal of this technique for intraoperative PG detection. ⋯ Because NIRAF-based identification of PG is noninvasive and label-free, the popularity of this approach has considerably surged. As the present limitations of various technologies capable of NIRAF detection are identified, we anticipate that newer device iterations will continue to be developed enhancing the current merits of these modalities to aid surgeons in identifying and preserving PGs. However, more concrete and long-term outcome studies with these modalities are essential to determine the impact of this technique on patient outcome and actual cost-benefits.
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Operating theatres are typically the most resource-intensive area of a hospital, 3-6 times more energy-intensive than the rest of the hospital and a major contributor of waste. The primary objective of this systematic review was to evaluate existing literature calculating the carbon footprint of surgical operations, determining opportunities for improving the environmental impact of surgery. ⋯ Future research should focus on optimizing the carbon footprint of operating theatres through streamlining operations, expanding assessments to other surgical contexts, and determining ways to reduce the footprint through targeting carbon hotspots.