Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Dec 2024
Meta AnalysisThymosin Alpha 1 Plus Routine Treatment for the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This systematic review was conducted to assess the curative effect of Thymosin alpha 1 in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients. Six electronic databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Chinese Biomedical Database, and Wanfang Database were searched for eligible papers focusing on the thymosin alpha 1 treatment in AECOPD patients. The effectiveness outcomes included T cell subset, pulmonary function, arterial blood gases, and the length of hospital stay. ⋯ Thymosin alpha 1 could significantly boost the immune function, and improve pulmonary function and arterial blood gas of AECOPD patients than routine treatment only. More high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed to further confirm Thymosin alpha 1 efficacy. Key Words: Thymosin alpha 1, Efficacy, Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Meta-analysis.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Nov 2024
Meta AnalysisExploring the Synergistic Effects of Concurrent Exercise for Managing Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.
The effectiveness of concurrent exercise (CE) as an emerging approach for type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients was evaluated through a comprehensive search on Google Scholar, PubMed, Pedro, CINAHL, and Medline from 2015 to March 2023. Sixteen RCTs were selected which evaluated CE (aerobic + resistance in the same session) effects on a minimum of three days/week among T2DM patients, and the control group received usual care or no exercise. Studies that evaluated at least one glycaemic variable, i.e. ⋯ However, the relatively high I² values suggest notable variability among studies, and further research to explore the factors contributing to this heterogeneity, exercise protocol along with progression, and duration of diabetes are needed, which is more challenging to determine a precise dose-response relationship. Therefore, more studies are required to provide thorough insights into these components for T2DM management. Key Words: Glycated haemoglobin, Glycaemic control, Insulin resistance, Physical exercise, Type-II diabetes mellitus.
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Bruxism is a centrally mediated neurological para-functional movement disorder encompassing clenching, and grinding of teeth, or thrusting and bracing of mandible, which may be performed without conscious awareness. Diagnosis of bruxism can be done with instrumental and non-instrumental tools. Non-instrumental tools include self-reporting, questionnaires, history, and clinical diagnostic criteria. ⋯ It was found that non-instrumental tools or questionnaires are not sufficient for confirmatory diagnosing of bruxism independently. Correlating instrumental recordings with non-instrumental tools such as clinical findings may be a good practice to diagnose bruxism definitely and precisely. Key Words: Diagnosis, Bruxism, History, Electromyography, Polysomnography.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2024
Meta AnalysisInclisiran Treatment for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This study was a meta-analysis of patient data to investigate the therapeutic effects of inclisiran on LDL-C, PCSK9, and TC in patients with atherosclerosis. Authors searched the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for randomised controlled trials. Data of 4,731 subjects from five randomised clinical trials were included in this analysis. ⋯ They exhibited significant reductions in total cholesterol protein levels ((MD) -1.477; 95% CI -1.585 to -1.369; p <0.001; I2 = 46.7%). Inclisiran reduced LDL-C and PCSK9 levels as well as TC and Apo B levels significantly in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Key Words: Inclisiran, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Atherosclerosis, Adverse events, Meta-analysis.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2024
ReviewFenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair for Treating Juxtarenal Aneurysms: An Update.
Fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (f-EVAR, b-EVAR, respectively) are technically challenging procedures that have evolved over the last decade for complex aortic aneurysms. They are alternatives to surgical repair for suprarenal and juxtarenal aortic aneurysms. ⋯ Over the years, f-EVAR and b-EVAR have improved, with high technical success (>95%) and mortality rates of 1-5% for pararenal and 5-10% for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. Key Words: Fenestrated-branched endovascular repair, Fenestrated EVAR, Branched EVAR, Juxtarenal aortic aneurysm.