British journal of anaesthesia
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Review Randomized Controlled Trial
Ondansetron does not reduce the shivering threshold in healthy volunteers.
Ondansetron, a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist, reduces postoperative shivering. Drugs that reduce shivering usually impair central thermoregulatory control, and may thus be useful for preventing shivering during induction of therapeutic hypothermia. We determined, therefore, whether ondansetron reduces the major autonomic thermoregulatory response thresholds (triggering core temperatures) in humans. ⋯ /b>. Ondansetron appears to have little potential for facilitating induction of therapeutic hypothermia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Magnesium sulphate as a technique of hypotensive anaesthesia.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the effect of perioperatively administered i.v. magnesium sulphate as a technique of hypotensive anaesthesia. ⋯ Magnesium sulphate led to a reduction in arterial pressure, heart rate, blood loss and duration of surgery. Furthermore, magnesium infusion alters anaesthetic dose requirements and emergence time.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tissue oxygenation response to mild hypercapnia during cardiopulmonary bypass with constant pump output.
Tissue oxygenation is the primary determinant of wound infection risk. Mild hypercapnia markedly improves cutaneous, subcutaneous (s.c.), and muscular tissue oxygenation in volunteers and patients. However, relative contributions of increased cardiac output and peripheral vasodilation to this response remains unknown. We thus tested the hypothesis that increased cardiac output is the dominant mechanism. ⋯ Mild hypercapnia, which normally markedly increases tissue oxygenation, did not do so during cardiopulmonary bypass with fixed pump output. This suggests that hypercapnia normally increases tissue oxygenation by increasing cardiac output rather than direct dilation of peripheral vessels.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for monitored anaesthesia care during cataract surgery.
Cataract surgery is commonly performed under local anaesthesia with midazolam sedation. Dexmedetomidine, a sedative-analgesic, is devoid of respiratory depressant effects, and its use in cataract surgery has not been reported. This double-blind study compared the use of dexmedetomidine and midazolam in patients undergoing cataract surgery. ⋯ Compared with midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not appear to be suitable for sedation in patients undergoing cataract surgery. While there was a slightly better subjective patient satisfaction, it was accompanied by relative cardiovascular depression and delayed recovery room discharge.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Study of the prophylactic effect of droperidol, alizapride, propofol and promethazine on spinal morphine-induced pruritus.
We have compared the use of alizapride, propofol, droperidol and promethazine for the prevention of spinal morphine-induced pruritus. ⋯ Droperidol, propofol and alizapride, in a decreasing order of effectiveness in the doses used in this study, reduced the incidence of pruritus induced by the use of morphine 0.2 mg intrathecally. On the other hand, promethazine 50 mg was shown to be ineffective.