British journal of anaesthesia
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Review Randomized Controlled Trial
Ondansetron does not reduce the shivering threshold in healthy volunteers.
Ondansetron, a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist, reduces postoperative shivering. Drugs that reduce shivering usually impair central thermoregulatory control, and may thus be useful for preventing shivering during induction of therapeutic hypothermia. We determined, therefore, whether ondansetron reduces the major autonomic thermoregulatory response thresholds (triggering core temperatures) in humans. ⋯ /b>. Ondansetron appears to have little potential for facilitating induction of therapeutic hypothermia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tissue oxygenation response to mild hypercapnia during cardiopulmonary bypass with constant pump output.
Tissue oxygenation is the primary determinant of wound infection risk. Mild hypercapnia markedly improves cutaneous, subcutaneous (s.c.), and muscular tissue oxygenation in volunteers and patients. However, relative contributions of increased cardiac output and peripheral vasodilation to this response remains unknown. We thus tested the hypothesis that increased cardiac output is the dominant mechanism. ⋯ Mild hypercapnia, which normally markedly increases tissue oxygenation, did not do so during cardiopulmonary bypass with fixed pump output. This suggests that hypercapnia normally increases tissue oxygenation by increasing cardiac output rather than direct dilation of peripheral vessels.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen vs i.m. meperidine on post-tonsillectomy pain in children.
Enteral acetaminophen, when used alone, is not very effective for postoperative analgesia because of delayed absorption and sub-therapeutic plasma concentrations. In contrast, i.v. acetaminophen is devoid of these shortcomings and could potentially provide adequate postoperative analgesia as a single agent. This randomized double-blind study compared the analgesic effects of i.v. acetaminophen and i.m. meperidine in paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy. ⋯ Compared with i.m. meperidine, i.v. acetaminophen provided adequate analgesia, less sedation and earlier readiness for recovery room discharge among paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Prospective comparison of sevoflurane and desflurane in formerly premature infants undergoing inguinal herniotomy.
Formerly premature infants having inguinal herniotomy have been at a high risk of postoperative apnoea, newer less soluble anaesthetic agents may reduce this risk. ⋯ Infants wake faster from general anaesthesia when maintained with desflurane as compared with sevoflurane, but no difference in postoperative respiratory events was demonstrated between the groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Magnesium sulphate as a technique of hypotensive anaesthesia.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the effect of perioperatively administered i.v. magnesium sulphate as a technique of hypotensive anaesthesia. ⋯ Magnesium sulphate led to a reduction in arterial pressure, heart rate, blood loss and duration of surgery. Furthermore, magnesium infusion alters anaesthetic dose requirements and emergence time.