British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of Bayesian optimization on the performance of propofol target-controlled infusion.
Target controlled infusion (TCI) systems use population-based pharmacokinetic (PK) models that do not take into account inter-individual residual variation. This study compares the bias and inaccuracy of a population-based vs a personalized TCI propofol titration using Bayesian adaptation. Haemodynamic and hypnotic stability, and the prediction probability of alternative PK models, was studied. ⋯ Dutch Trial Registry NTR4518.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Gastric emptying for liquids of different compositions in children.
Pre-operative fasting balances safety against patient discomfort. We compared the gastric emptying profiles of a novel clear, high protein drink against a "traditional" clear and a non-clear fluid. ⋯ clinicaltrials.gov NCT02938065 clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02938065.
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Observational Study
Point-of-care paediatric gastric sonography: can antral cut-off values be used to diagnose an empty stomach?
Gastric sonography is emerging as a valuable clinical point-of-care tool to assess aspiration risk. A recent study proposed that a single cut-off cross-sectional area (CSA) in the supine position could diagnose an empty stomach in the parturient. This study establishes the sensitivity and specificity of a single CSA cut-off measurement in both supine and right lateral decubitus (RLD) positions in the diagnosis of an empty antrum in paediatric patients. ⋯ The RLD position produces the most sensitive and specific CSA cut-off value where an antral CSA of ≤ 3.07 cm2 in the RLD position presents with acceptable performance in the ability to discriminate an empty antrum in paediatric patients over 1 yr of age. As age increases, the sensitivity and specificity of this test increases in the RLD position.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of gum chewing on gastric volume and emptying: a prospective randomized crossover study.
Current fasting guidelines allow oral intake of water up to 2 h before induction of anaesthesia. We assessed whether gum chewing affects gastric emptying of 250 ml water and residual gastric fluid volume measured 2 h after ingestion of water. ⋯ NCT02673307.