International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jun 2021
Review Meta AnalysisRisks of vaptans in hypernatremia and serum sodium overcorrection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Serum sodium overcorrection and hypernatremia are significant health risks. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risks of vaptans in hypernatremia and serum sodium overcorrection. ⋯ Vaptans showed higher risks in the incidence of hypernatremia and serum sodium overcorrection than placebo. In addition, combination with loop diuretics increased the risk of hypernatremia. The risk of serum sodium overcorrection should be concerned in patients with hyponatremia and normal serum sodium equally. Using a low dose of vaptans can reduce both risks.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jun 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of Losartan and Amlodipine Effects on the Outcomes of Patient with COVID-19 and Primary Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Controversy exists regarding the drug selection in hypertension (HTN) management in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to compare the effects of losartan and amlodipine in patients with primary HTN and COVID-19. ⋯ There was no priority in losartan or amlodipine administration in COVID-19 patients with primary HTN in decreasing mortality rate, hospital and ICU length stay. Further studies need to clarify the first-line anti-HTN medications in COVID-19.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jun 2021
Review Meta AnalysisCoffee and Type 2 Diabetes risk: Is the Association Mediated by Adiponectin, Leptin, C-reactive protein, or Interleukin-6? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Coffee and diabetes risk association has been demonstrated in numerous studies; however, the exact mechanism has not been clarified yet. The present meta-analysis was conducted to cover the current knowledge regarding the effect of coffee on Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), in addition to the evaluation of adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels among coffee consumers as relatively possible mediators of this effect. ⋯ The present meta-analysis showed strong epidemiological evidence that coffee consumption is inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Also, adiponectin, leptin concentrations appeared to be potential mediators of the coffee effect on diabetes, while IL-6 levels did not.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jun 2021
Review Meta AnalysisResponse rate and diagnostic accuracy of early PET-CT during neo-adjuvant therapies in oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Only 25% of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) patients have a pathological response to neo-adjuvant therapy (NAT) before oesophagectomy. Early response assessment using PET imaging may help guide management of these patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the evidence detailing response rate and diagnostic accuracy of early PET-CT assessment. ⋯ High-quality evidence is lacking, and few studies met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. The sensitivity of PET using a SUVmax reduction threshold of 35% was suboptimal and varied widely. However, specificity was consistent across studies with a pooled value of 75.0%, suggesting early PET assessment is a better predictor of treatment resistance than of pathological response. Further research is required to define optimal PET-guided treatment decisions in OAC.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jun 2021
Meta AnalysisEffect of verbal counseling on metered-dose inhaler use and lung function test among asthmatic patients: A meta-analysis.
The main cause of poor asthma control is mostly related to the inability of the asthmatic subjects to use their metred-dose inhaler (pMDI) correctly. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of contentious pMDI verbal-counselling on the pMDI inhalation technique and pulmonary functions of asthmatics. ⋯ Based on this meta-analysis, Continuous pMDI verbal counselling, at every possible opportunity, is a must since lung functions and pMDI inhalation technique improvements were observed with continuous pMDI verbal counselling.