The British journal of surgery
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Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a late complication of radiotherapy that results in progressive functional and cosmetic impairment. Autologous fat has emerged as an option for soft tissue reconstruction. There are also sporadic reports suggesting regression of fibrosis following regional lipotransfer. This systematic review aimed to identify cellular mechanisms driving RIF, and the potential role of lipotransfer in attenuating these processes. ⋯ Understanding how lipotransfer causes regression of RIF remains unclear; there are a number of new hypotheses for future research.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Quality of life from a randomized trial of open and endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Long-term survival is similar after open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Few data exist on the effect of either procedure on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health status. ⋯ In this study EVAR appeared to be associated with less severe disruption to HRQoL and health status in the short term. However, during longer-term follow-up to 5 years, patients receiving open repair appeared to have improved quality of life and health status.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Randomized clinical trial of postoperative chewing gum versus standard care after colorectal resection.
Chewing gum may stimulate gastrointestinal motility, with beneficial effects on postoperative ileus suggested in small studies. The primary aim of this trial was to determine whether chewing gum reduces length of hospital stay (LOS) after colorectal resection. Secondary aims included examining bowel habit symptoms, complications and healthcare costs. ⋯ ISRCTN55784442 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational Study
Mortality of emergency abdominal surgery in high-, middle- and low-income countries.
Surgical mortality data are collected routinely in high-income countries, yet virtually no low- or middle-income countries have outcome surveillance in place. The aim was prospectively to collect worldwide mortality data following emergency abdominal surgery, comparing findings across countries with a low, middle or high Human Development Index (HDI). ⋯ NCT02179112 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Multicenter Study
Multicentre study of short-course radiotherapy and transanal endoscopic microsurgery for early rectal cancer.
Organ-preserving treatment for early-stage rectal cancer may avoid the substantial perioperative morbidity and functional sequelae associated with total mesorectal excision (TME). The initial results of an organ-preserving approach using preoperative short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS) are presented. ⋯ SCRT with TEMS was effective in the majority of patients considered high risk for (or who refused) TME surgery.