Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
-
Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2018
Kindlin-1 Regulates Astrocyte Activation and Pain Sensitivity in Rats With Neuropathic Pain.
Astrocyte activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, but the involvement of kindlin-1 in astrocyte activation and neuropathic pain has not yet been illustrated. Using a chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model of neuropathic pain, we investigated the expression levels of kindlin-1 during neuropathic pain and the influences of kindlin-1 on regulating pain sensitivity. ⋯ Kindlin-1 may regulate pain sensitivity by affecting activated astrocytes in the spinal cord. Inhibition of kindlin-1 may provide a novel paradigm for the management of neuropathic pain.
-
Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2018
Microanatomical Nerve Architecture of 6 Mammalian Species: Is Trans-Species Translational Anatomic Extrapolation Valid?
Various animal models have historically been used to study iatrogenic nerve injury during performance of conduction nerve blocks. Our aims were to compare the microstructures of nerves in commonly used species to those of humans and to explore the validity of the extrapolating these findings to humans. ⋯ Although some of the metrics could reasonably be expected to differ because of the size of the species-for example, nerve cross-sectional area-there was little microanatomical similarity between the sciatic nerves of humans and those of the nonprimate mammalian species studied. This may question the validity of some conclusions reached over the years by direct translation from these species to humans. Further studies on nerve function, intraneural injection, and microanatomy of nonhuman primate species are warranted.
-
Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialLocal Anesthetic Injection Speed and Common Peroneal Nerve Block Duration: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Volunteers.
The speed of local anesthetic (LA) injections in peripheral regional anesthesia ranges from slow continuous infusions (3-12 mL/h) to rapid manual injections (>7500 mL/h). Optimizing injection speed could augment the spread of LA toward the targeted nerves and influence nerve block characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate whether injection speed of a single dose of LA affects peripheral nerve block duration. ⋯ This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02801799.