Emergencias
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The rates of undiagnosed and late-diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are high. Screening for HIV infection in hospital emergency departments (EDs) could offer a way to increase the number of diagnoses. Our aim was to analyze whether universal hospital ED screening for HIV is efficient. ⋯ Although the reviewed studies applied various screening strategies to identify new HIV diagnoses, our findings support the conclusion that universal screening is efficient.
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Meta Analysis
Efficacy of bladder stimulation techniques for urine collection from infants: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Collecting a urine sample from an infant is one of the most frequently performed emergency department procedures. We aimed to evaluate noninvasive bladder stimulation techniques to obtain urine samples from infants. ⋯ New stimulation techniques for taking urine samples from infants are useful, especially in newborns. Advantages are the short time to urination, the high success rate, and the possibility of lowering the infant's levels of stress and pain.
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Meta Analysis
Predictive power of early-warning scores used in hospital emergency departments: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To assess the predictive power of scores used in hospital emergency departments (EDs) to give early warning of risk for mortality and hospital ward or intensive care unit (ICU) admission. ⋯ Early warning scores used in hospital EDs are able to predict risk of early and in-hospital mortality.
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Review Meta Analysis
Intraosseous access in adults in cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To evaluate the efficacy of intraosseous access versus venous access in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in terms of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge with or without favorable neurologic status. ⋯ Intraosseous access in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is related to poorer outcomes in terms of ROSC and survival at hospital discharge.
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Review Meta Analysis
[Usefulness of scoring risk for adverse outcomes in older patients with the Identification of Seniors at Risk scale and the Triage Risk Screening Tool: a meta-analysis].
A considerable proportion of the geriatric population experiences unfavorable outcomes of hospital emergency department care. An assessment of risk for adverse outcomes would facilitate making changes in clinical management by adjusting available resources to needs according to an individual patient's risk. Risk assessment tools are available, but their prognostic precision varies. ⋯ The sensitivity of the ISAR scoring system as a whole ranged between 67% and 99%; specificity fell between 21% and 41%. TRST sensitivity ranged between 52% and 75% and specificity between 39% and 51%. We conclude that the tools currently used to assess risk of adverse outcomes in patients of advanced age attended in hospital emergency departments do not have adequate prognostic precision to be clinically useful.