World Neurosurg
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Review Case Reports
Intracranial non-skull-based chondrosarcoma arising from the sagittal sinus: a case report and review of literature.
Intracranial nonskull-based chondrosarcoma is a very rare malignant tumor. In fact, it is difficult to diagnose because of its atypical radiologic and morphologic features. We report a case of an intracranial parasagittal chondrosarcoma in the left parietal lobe accompanied with significant peritumoral edema (an extremely rare phenomenon for this tumor), with a review of the literature, to clarify aspects in the diagnosis of this rare tumor. ⋯ Although magnetic resonance imaging was performed, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish intracranial chondrosarcoma from meningioma and glioma, especially when the tumor arises from a nonskull base such as the meninges. Some cases could have significant peritumoral edema, although it is extremely rare. Histologic examination may aid in the diagnosis of this tumor. Neurosurgery is the most effective therapy for these tumors. Postoperative radiotherapy needs to be considered when the tumor is incompletely resected, has atypical histology, or is associated with significant peritumoral edema.
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In cranial surgery, different foreign body (FB) materials are used and may be left intentionally or unintentionally in the surgical field after closure, inducing a foreign body granuloma (FBG). This is a rare complication in neurosurgery, but it may be a diagnostic dilemma, with sometimes medicolegal implications. ⋯ Despite being unusual, a retained FBG should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient after cranial surgery. A history of surgery, clinical symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory results, and the use of appropriate neuroimaging explorations may provide a correct preoperative diagnosis. In addition, unintentionally retained FBs are preventable errors in the operating room.
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To investigate hemodynamic changes in moyamoya disease (MMD) via two-dimensional cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging and computational fluid dynamics. ⋯ Pressure drop difference, flow rate, and size of PComAs can be used to evaluate impairments in cerebrovascular reserve and indicate long-term prognosis in MMD.
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Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) was added to grade III glial tumors as a distinct entity in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed 55 pathologically confirmed PXA cases according to the newest WHO classification to better clarify the clinical, molecular, and prognostic features of this rare neoplasm. ⋯ The identification of BRAF V600E, TERT, and IDH2 mutations in PXA expands our molecular understanding of PXA. Patients with PXA with gross total resection achieve good outcomes.
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Female sex is a well-known risk factor for aneurysm formation. Although the role of the ovaries and estrogen in aneurysm development has been supported, other organ-hormone pairs unique between sexes also may be implicated. In this study, we aimed to determine whether intracranial aneurysms microsurgically clipped in patients with previous hysterectomies exhibit any unique aneurysm characteristics from those without hysterectomies. ⋯ Female patients with a surgical history of a hysterectomy have a lower rate of large aneurysms, present in better neurologic condition, and are less likely to present with a ruptured aneurysm than females without a hysterectomy.