World Neurosurg
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Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) is a treatment of space-occupying hemispheric infarct. Current surgical guidelines use criteria of age <60 years and surgery within 48 hours of stroke onset. ⋯ Outcomes after DHC for malignant hemispheric infarct were not affected by current accepted guidelines. Volume of infarct may have an effect on outcome after DHC. Further research to aid in predicting which patients benefit from decompressive craniectomy is warranted.
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Review Meta Analysis
Does rheumatoid arthritis affect the infection and complications rates of spinal surgery? a systematic review and meta analysis.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that produces synovial membrane inflammation and causes progressive articular damage with function loss. Some controversy exists regarding whether RA is associated with infection and complications after spinal surgery. The present study aimed to determine the effect of RA on spinal surgery infection and complications. ⋯ When undergoing spinal surgery, patients with RA have a greater risk of operative complications and infection. Surgeons should be aware of these risks and appropriately plan spinal operation for patients with RA to reduce the risk of complications.
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Review Historical Article
Technologic Evolution of Navigation and Robotics in Spine Surgery: A Historical Perspective.
Spine surgery is continuously evolving. The synergy between medical imaging and advances in computation has allowed for stereotactic neuronavigation and its integration with robotic technology to assist in spine surgery. The discovery of x-rays in 1895, the development of image intensifiers in 1940, and then advancements in computational science and integration have allowed for the development of computed tomography. ⋯ Growing at a rapid rate, the second-generation spinal robotics have overcome preliminary limitations and errors. However, comparatively, robotics in spine surgery remains in its infancy. By leveraging technologic advancements in medical imaging, computation, and stereotactic navigation, robotics in spine surgery will continue to mature and expand in utility.
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Review Historical Article
The Evolution of Cerebral Language Localization: Historical Analysis and Current Trends.
Language localization has been an evolving concept over the past 150 years, with the emergence of several important yet conflicting ideologies. The classical theory, starting from the phrenologic work of Gall to the identification of specific regions of language function by Broca, Wernicke, and others, proposed that discrete subcomponents of language were organized into separate anatomic structural regions. The holism theory was postulated in an attempt to disclose that language function was instead attributed to a larger region of the cortex, in which cerebral regions may have the capability of assuming the function of damaged areas. ⋯ Advancements in cortical-subcortical stimulation, neurophysiologic monitoring, magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging/functional magnetic resonance imaging, awake neurosurgical technique, and knowledge gained by white matter tract anatomy and the Human Connectome Project, shed new light on the dynamic interconnectivity of the cerebrum. New studies are progressively opening doors to this paradigm, showing the dynamic and interdependent nature of language function. In this review, the evolution of language toward the evolving paradigm of dynamic language function and interconnectivity and its impact on shaping the neurosurgical paradigm are outlined.
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Review Biography Historical Article
Raphael Acquaviva: the forgotten pioneer of modern neurosurgery in Morocco.
For the young generations, it is important to state the values that define and recognize the role of leaders and pioneers in neurosurgery, especially in developing countries. This subject seems often overlooked. In Morocco, the real birth of modern neurosurgery as an independent surgical specialty was undoubtedly made thanks to Doctor Raphael Acquaviva during the 1950s and 1960s, when he founded the first neurosurgical department in Casablanca. ⋯ Moreover, he was involved in medical publications and education in his host country. In this article, the author reviews Acquaviva's career trajectory in its historical context, highlighting its impact on modern neurosurgery in Morocco and abroad. This contribution could be a good start to collect information to preserve the national neurosurgical memory in many developing countries.