World Neurosurg
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The perineural spread of prostate cancer into pelvic peripheral nerves is a rare, but increasingly recognized, entity. This form of metastasis invades the lumbosacral plexus via the splanchnic nerves innervating the prostate. The prevalence of perineural spread is likely underappreciated, and further imaging-based studies are needed to elucidate its true frequency. ⋯ The perineural spread of prostate cancer might be more common than previously thought. The use of multimodal imaging for patients suspected of having perineural spread should be a part of the treatment algorithm. Targeted fascicular biopsy might be indicated for patients with progressive neurological deficit and an unclear diagnosis.
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Knowledge about the causes and time of injury for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is important for the development of efficient prevention policies. We aimed to study time of injury and relation to alcohol intoxication for moderate-to-severe TBI in a level 1 trauma center in Norway. ⋯ Our findings demonstrate that moderate-to-severe TBI admissions display a clear weekly and seasonal variation and that alcohol is an important modifiable risk factor for moderate-to-severe TBI.
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Contralateral acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is an uncommon but devastating complication during craniotomy and hematoma evacuation. It can lead to extremely poor outcomes if not treated properly and promptly. ⋯ We highlight that super-early intervention of contralateral hematoma is important to improve the prognosis of these patients.
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Fenestrated miniclips were developed as an effective tool for dog-ear-shaped remnants of aneurysms. However, the special property of these clips may have other applications. Here, we report 2 cases of ruptured small aneurysm and suggest the alternative utility of a single application of a fenestrated miniclip. ⋯ Single application of fenestrated mini-clips may be suitable in cases of small aneurysms with thin walls adhering to branch vessels or where visualization of the aneurysm is impeded by the parent artery.
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High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein plays a key role in triggering inflammatory responses in many diseases. Our previous study showed that HMGB1 is found upstream of secondary damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We found that anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) effectively decreased acute brain damage, including the disruption of the blood-brain barrier, brain edema, and neurologic dysfunction. This effect of anti-HMGB1 mAb lasts for at least 1 week. In this study, we explored subacute effects of anti-HMGB1 mAb after TBI. ⋯ The beneficial effects of anti-HMGB1 mAb continued during the subacute postinjury phase, suggesting that anti-HMGB1 mAb may prevent cognitive dysfunction after TBI.