World Neurosurg
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To investigate the influence of sacroiliac interosseous ligament tension and laxity on the biomechanics of the lumbar spine. ⋯ While sacroiliac interosseous ligament laxity and tension have little effect on disc deformation and stress, and nucleus pulposus pressure, they reduce the stability of the lumbar-sacral vertebrae. In a forward flexion state, the lumbar ligaments bear a large load and are prone to laxity, thereby increasing the risk of lumbar injury.
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Based on the previously established 3-dimensional model, this study uses the finite element analytical method to observe the effects of superior articular process resection and intervertebral discectomy on the stress of the surgical segment under different motion states. ⋯ Select resection of the superior articular process base as much as possible to expose the target of the disc. And minimize annulus damage and disc removal.
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Long-segment instrumentation, such as Harrington rods, offloads vertebrae within the construct, which may result in significant stress shielding of the fused segments. The present study aimed to determine the effects of spinal fusion on bone density by measuring Hounsfield units (HUs) throughout the spine in patients with a history of Harrington rod fusion. ⋯ HUs were significantly decreased in the middle of previous long-segment fusion constructs, suggesting that multilevel fusion constructs lead to vertebral bone density loss within the construct, potentially from stress shielding.
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Access to neuro-oncologic care in Nigeria has grown exponentially since the first reported cases in the mid-1960s. In this systematic review and pooled analysis, we characterize the growth of neurosurgical oncology in Nigeria and build a reference paper to direct efforts to expand this field. ⋯ This study highlights key trends regarding the prevalence and management of neuro-oncologic pathologies within Nigeria. Further studies are needed to continue to learn and guide the future growth of this field in Nigeria.
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A recent community-based study from Addis Ababa identifying Neural Tube Defect (NTD) cases by ultrasound examination of pregnant women showed a higher prevalence of 17 per 1000 fetuses. The risk factors behind the high prevalence remain unclear. ⋯ Within this high-prevalence community, poor vitamin status was identified as a risk factor for NTDs detected at ultrasound examination. Improving food security and fortification of foods or food ingredients could be alternative measures.