World Neurosurg
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Case Reports Biography Historical Article
Junior Seau - An Illustrative Case of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Update on Chronic Sports-Related Head Injury.
Few neurologic diseases have captured the nation's attention more completely than chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which has been discovered in the autopsies of professional athletes, most notably professional football players. The tragic case of Junior Seau, a Hall of Fame, National Football League linebacker, has been the most high-profile confirmed case of CTE. Here we describe Seau's case, which concludes an autopsy conducted at the National Institutes of Health that confirmed the diagnosis. ⋯ This high-profile case reflects an increasing awareness of CTE as a long-term consequence of multiple traumatic brain injuries. The previously unforeseen neurologic risks of American football have begun to cast doubt on the safety of the sport.
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To compare the anatomical exposure and petrosectomy extent in the Kawase and posterior intradural petrous apicectomy (PIPA) approaches. ⋯ The Kawase approach allows wide exposure of the middle cranial fossa (MCF) and posterior cranial fossa, requiring extradural temporal lobe retraction and an extradural petrosectomy with preservation of the internal acoustic meatus and cochlea. No temporal lobe retraction and direct control of neurovascular structures make the PIPA approach a valid alternative for lesions extending mostly in the Posterior cranial fossa with minor extension in the MCF. The longer surgical corridor, cerebellar retraction, and limited exposure of the anterior brainstem make this approach less indicated for lesions with major extension in the MCF and the anterior cavernous sinus.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Thymoquinone on The Hippocampus in A Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) in a rat model of traumatic brain injury by using biochemical and histopathologic methods for the first time. ⋯ These results indicate that TQ has a healing effect on neural cells after head injury and this effect is mediated by decreasing MDA levels in the nuclei and mitochondrial membrane of neurons.