World Neurosurg
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Case Reports
Beneficial use of a new hand-held CO2 laser fiber in resection of a calcified and vascular intraventricular tumor.
The progression of laser technology in neurosurgery has been limited by the poor maneuverability of traditional line-of-sight carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers and the propensity of other laser energies to cause collateral thermal injury to adjacent neural structures. The advent of a dielectric omnidirectional reflector and the subsequent development of phototonic bandgap fibers (PBF) have transformed the CO2 laser into a low-profile instrument with considerable dexterity and many potential new neurosurgical applications. ⋯ The CO2 laser was exceptionally useful in the resection of this long-standing and extremely calcified, yet vascular mass. A review of the evolution of laser technology applications in neurosurgery is presented, with a specific focus on the innovations that led to the development of the new PBF CO2 laser. This new technology may be advantageous in tumor surgery, particularly in the resection of long-standing calcified and vascular tumors that are not amendable to traditional surgical techniques.
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We evaluated the effects of gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKRS) on the cognitive functioning of patients with a pituitary adenoma. ⋯ We found no evidence that GKRS impairs the neurocognitive functioning of patients with pituitary disease above any impairment caused by the disease itself. Further studies will require approximately 20 patients in each comparison group to confirm this result.
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Infection remains the most significant complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery and the reported rates of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection vary widely across studies in patients with hydrocephalus. The objective of this study is to review and evaluate the infections complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery in patients with hydrocephalus. ⋯ Infection remains the most serious complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. The findings of this retrospective study show that gender, age, and etiology of hydrocephalus significantly correlated independently with the incidence of infection. Prospective studies are needed to assess the observed associations between the risk factors and incidence of infection in hydrocephalus patients treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.
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To analyze qualitatively C2 nerve dysfunction after its transection in C1-2 posterolateral instrumented fusions. ⋯ This study is the first series to describe C2 nerve function after posterior atlantoaxial instrumented fusion in adults of all ages. Sacrifice of the C2 nerve root increases fusion surface, allows for better preparation and decortication of the atlantoaxial joint, improves visualization for screw placement, and decreases blood loss and operative time without major clinical consequences.