The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialQuantitative end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in the delivery room: a randomized controlled trial.
To investigate the utility of continuous quantitative end-tidal CO2 (Etco2) monitoring for managing assisted ventilation in the delivery room (DR). ⋯ Etco2 monitoring in the DR did not reduce the proportion of admission Pco2 levels outside of the prespecified range in a population of infants supported mostly with noninvasive ventilation.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Oral ketamine for children with chronic pain: a pilot phase 1 study.
To assess whether oral ketamine is safe at higher dosages for sedating children and whether it may be an option for the control of chronic pain in children. ⋯ Oral ketamine at dosages of 0.25-1 mg/kg/dose appears to be safe when given for 14 days to children with chronic pain.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialOral sucrose for heel lance increases adenosine triphosphate use and oxidative stress in preterm neonates.
To examine the effects of sucrose on pain and biochemical markers of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation and oxidative stress in preterm neonates experiencing a clinically required heel lance. ⋯ A single dose of oral sucrose, given before heel lance, significantly increased ATP use and oxidative stress in premature neonates. Because neonates are given multiple doses of sucrose per day, randomized trials are needed to examine the effects of repeated sucrose administration on ATP degradation, oxidative stress, and cell injury.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe NOFLO trial: low-flow nasal prongs therapy in weaning nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants.
To determine if low-flow nasal prongs therapy with room air, compared with no treatment, facilitates weaning from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight <1500 g) infants. ⋯ In this study, we did not demonstrate a benefit of low-flow room air via nasal prongs to wean VLBW infants from NCPAP.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
ReviewManagement of apparent life-threatening events in infants: a systematic review.
To determine in patients who are well-appearing and without a clear etiology after an apparent life-threatening event (ALTE): (1) What historical and physical examination features suggest that a child is at risk for a future adverse event and/or serious underlying diagnosis and would, therefore, benefit from testing or hospitalization? and (2) What testing is indicated on presentation and during hospitalization? ⋯ Some historical and physical examination features can be used to identify risk in infants who are well-appearing and without a clear etiology at presentation, and testing tailored to these risks may be of value. The true risk of a subsequent event or underlying disorder cannot be ascertained. A more precise definition of an ALTE is needed and further research is warranted.