The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on cardiac function in premature infants with minimal lung disease: a crossover randomized trial.
To assess the effects of different nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) pressures on cardiac performance in preterm infants with minimal lung disease, we conducted a randomized, blinded crossover study. ⋯ We investigated the effect of increasing nCPAP levels on cardiac output. We conclude that nCPAP levels between 4 and 8 cm H2O did not have an effect on cardiac output in stable preterm infants with minimal lung disease.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA phase II/III, multicenter, safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic study of dexmedetomidine in preterm and term neonates.
To investigate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile of dexmedetomidine in preterm and full-term neonates ≥ 28 to ≤ 44 weeks gestational age. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine is effective for sedating preterm and full-term neonates and is well-tolerated without significant AEs. Preterm neonates had decreased plasma clearance and longer elimination half-life.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyVariation in feeding practices following the Norwood procedure.
To assess variation in feeding practice at hospital discharge after the Norwood procedure, factors associated with tube feeding, and associations among site, feeding mode, and growth before stage II. ⋯ Feeding mode at hospital discharge after the Norwood procedure varied among sites. Prolonged hospitalization and greater number of medications at the time of discharge were associated with tube feeding. Infants exclusively fed orally had a higher weight-for-age z score pre-stage II than those fed exclusively by tube. Exploring strategies to prevent morbidities and promote oral feeding in this highest risk population is warranted.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyFeeding dysfunction in children with single ventricle following staged palliation.
To determine the prevalence of feeding dysfunction in children with single ventricle defects and identify associated risk factors. ⋯ Feeding dysfunction is common in children with single ventricle defects, occurring in 50% of our cohort. Feeding dysfunction is associated with worse growth measures. Current gastrostomy tube use and a single parent household were identified as independent risk factors for feeding dysfunction.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEarly-life risk factors for childhood wheeze phenotypes in a high-risk birth cohort.
To define longitudinal childhood wheeze phenotypes and identify their early-life risk factors. ⋯ We found distinct early-life risk factor profiles for each wheeze phenotype. These findings provide insight into possible wheeze mechanisms and have implications for identifying preventive strategies and addressing clinical management of early-life wheeze.