International journal of nursing studies
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Non-nutritive sucking, oral breast milk, and facilitated tucking relieve preterm infant pain during heel-stick procedures: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.
Preterm infant pain can be relieved by combining non-nutritive sucking (sucking), oral sucrose, and facilitated tucking (tucking), but the pain-relief effects of oral expressed breast milk (breast milk) are ambiguous. ⋯ The combined use of sucking+breast milk +tucking and sucking+breast milk effectively reduced preterm infants' mild pain and moderate-to-severe pain during heel-stick procedures. Adding facilitated tucking helped infants recover from pain across eight phases of heel-stick procedures. Our findings advance knowledge on the effects of combining expressed breast milk, sucking, and tucking on preterm infants' procedural pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Using simulated family presence to decrease agitation in older hospitalized delirious patients: A randomized controlled trial.
Simulated family presence has been shown to be an effective nonpharmacological intervention to reduce agitation in persons with dementia in nursing homes. Hyperactive or mixed delirium is a common and serious complication experienced by hospitalized patients, a key feature of which is agitation. Effective nonpharmacological interventions to manage delirium are needed. ⋯ Both the family video and nature video groups displayed a significant change in median agitation scores over the four time periods (p<0.001), whereas the control group did not. The family video group had significantly lower median agitation scores during the intervention period (p<0.001) and a significantly greater proportion (94%) of participants experiencing a reduction in agitation from the pre-intervention to during intervention (p<0.001) than those viewing the nature video (70%) or those in usual care only (30%). The median agitation scores for the three groups were not significantly different at either of the post intervention time measurements. When comparing the proportion of participants experiencing a reduction in agitation from baseline to post intervention, there remained a statistically significant difference (p=0.001) between family video(60%) and usual care (35.1%) immediately following the intervention CONCLUSION: This work provides preliminary support for the use of family video messaging as a nonpharmacological intervention that may decrease agitation in selected hospitalized delirious patients. Further studies are necessary to determine the efficacy of the intervention as part of a multi-component intervention as well as among younger delirious patients without baseline dementia.