Gac Med Mex
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Whether vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment remains controversial. ⋯ A statistically significant association was observed between global cognitive performance and levels of vitamin B12.
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In 2021, the latest version of the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors (WHO CNS5) was published, which is considered an international standard. The first editions of this classification were based on histological characteristics and, subsequently, aspects related to new knowledge were incorporated. ⋯ Advanced MRI is a growing field, highly useful for diagnosis and management of different pathologies. This document addresses the implications of WHO CNS5 classification in the evaluation of gliomas, as well as historical aspects, the bases of conventional MRI, and advanced MRI sequences useful in current classification.
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Heart failure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is two to three times more common than in individuals without NVAF. ⋯ Significant differences were found according to gender in patients with NVAF and HFrEF, both in CMRF and some comorbidities, as well as in antithrombotic treatment according to embolic and bleeding risk.
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Obesity has been shown to be associated with low levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE). ⋯ The female gender showed more cardiovascular risk factors and higher sRAGE at TG/HDL-C upper tertile. Further studies are required to test the possible predictive effect of higher risk for developing metabolic and cardiovascular complications.
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The genomic-based 21-gene recurrence score assay (21-GRSA) allows to determine the usefulness of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with luminal-type early breast cancer (LTEBC). Additional predictive models have also been developed, such as Magee equations (ME), the Predict model (PM), and the Tennessee nomogram score (TNS). ⋯ 21-GRSA can be omitted in women older than 50 years with LTEBC classified with low risk scores on all three predictive models.