Niger J Clin Pract
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Diaphragmatic hernias can develop congenitally or secondary to trauma. Congenital diaphragmatic hernias occur with Bochdalek hernia and Morgagni hernia (MH). In this study, we aimed to present laparoscopic and open surgical treatment for traumatic and congenital diaphragmatic hernias, and complications and length of hospital stay in the light of the literature. ⋯ We think that cases with MH detected incidentally should be operated laparoscopically before becoming complicated.
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Essential hypertension, which is hypertension without a known cause, runs in families. Children from families with hypertension are likely to have a higher blood pressure than children from normotensive families. ⋯ Urgent positive lifestyle transformations, which should start from school to reduce the incidence of hypertension in children.
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The deleterious effects of Resident Doctors' (RDs') long duty hours are well documented. Driven by concerns over the physician's well-being and patient safety, the RDs' duty hours in many developed countries have been capped. However, in Nigeria and many African countries, there are no official regulations on work hours of RDs. This study evaluated the work schedule of Nigerian RDs and its impact on their wellbeing and patient safety. ⋯ The duty hours of Nigerian RDs are currently long and unregulated. There is an urgent need to regulate them for patient and physician safety.
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Observational Study
Skeleto-dental features among a sample of Saudi female children compared to British standards: A cephalometric study.
This cross-sectional observational retrospective study aimed at assessing the cephalometric skeleto-dental features of class I, II, and III skeletal relationship of Saudi female school children sample and comparing the results to the established British Caucasian cephalometric standards. ⋯ The results of the study can serve as a base-line for future investigations in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the results obtained can also be of great value in distinguishing the various skeleto-dental features in the different skeletal classes among the Saudi females, and in the clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.
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One of the most important goal of non surgical endodontic retreatment is the successful removal of gutta percha and sealers from the root canal system. A variety of techniques have been recommended for retreatment procedures for the removal of gutta-percha and sealers with or without the help of adjunctive chemical solvents, by using stainless steel hand files or nickel-titanium rotary files, gate glidden burs, heated instruments, ultrasonic instruments, and lasers 1,3. The current advancements in the design of NiTi instruments have proved efficacious in the removal of filling materials from the root canal wall and various studies have also confirmed their cleaning ability and efficacy 4,5. Nevertheless, the use of rotary instrumentation can lead to the formation of dentinal cracks in the root canal dentin. Many researchers have reported the incidence of crack formation and propagation after the procedure with manual, rotary and reciprocating instruments. The behavior of rotary instruments in the generation of defects have been the point of greatest interest during many years 6. These dentinal cracks can be defined as defects with a complete crack line extending from inner root canal space up to the outer surface of the root when the tensile stress in the root canal wall exceeds the tensile stress of dentin 7. ⋯ All the groups showed a similar amount of crack propagation. Less number of cracks were observed in the coronal one third and more amount of cracks were found at the apical third. Endostar RE Endo rotary instrument proved to be most effective and least time-consuming. Hedstrom Files required more time and removed less material.