Pak J Med Sci
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The objective of the study was to explore the presentation of symptoms in patients suffering from treatment-resistant mood disorder (TRMD), and associated clinical features, including age, gender, and comorbid conditions, that lead towards the development of treatment-resistant mood disorder. Furthermore, the study analyses the available psychotherapeutic treatment modalities and evidence-based non-medical treatment approaches for TRMD. ⋯ It was concluded that psychotherapeutic interventions in augmentation with pharmacological modalities enhance the efficacy of treatment.
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Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme that is responsible for the production of lactic acid, which is a necessary byproduct when the body does not have enough oxygen. LDH levels in the blood can be used as a marker to predict mortality in patients with ARDS, severe COVID-19, and cancer. To analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in the elderly and the correlation between LDH and respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients, to improve the identification and management of this type of pneumonia by clinicians. ⋯ The levels of LDH, NLR, and PT may serve as potential indicators for elderly COVID-19 patients combined with respiratory failure. LDH, NLR and PT assays can be beneficial for patients who need closer respiratory monitoring and more aggressive supportive care to prevent a negative prognosis.
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Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases and a serious health issue worldwide because of its rising prevalence amongst the young adults. Dietary diversity, rapid economic development and sedentary lifestyle are amongst the common factors contributing for the rapid rise of diabetes. Our objective was to assess the average carbohydrate (CHO) and caloric consumption and its association with obesity and disease status in patients with Type-2 diabetic patients in an outpatient setting. ⋯ Majority of Pakistani patients with Type-2 diabetes consume foods rich in carbohydrate as well as have high caloric value. These finding were more in patients with no formal education compared to those who were well educated with a degree.
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In thalassemia major, repeated blood transfusions result in iron overload causing organ damage. The objective of this study was assessment of liver enzymes in patients with Thalassemia major and to observe their association with ferritin. ⋯ Liver damage was caused by increased iron deposition. LFTs should be performed regularly to detect and reduce liver damage by increasing chelation therapy, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality due to thalassemia.
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To assess anxiety levels among 1st and 2nd year MBBS and 1st year BDS students in oral examinations of anatomy and physiology and to compare the anxiety scores among students of 1st and 2nd year MBBS and 1st year BDS. ⋯ In summary higher levels of test anxiety, especially for oral examinations was observed in MBBS students as compared to BDS students. It was also observed that anxiety levels were much higher for Anatomy oral examinations as compared to those for Physiology.