Turk J Med Sci
-
Ultrasonography is an imaging technique based on sound waves used for the evaluation of soft tissues. Sound waves have been used for a long time in nonmedical fields, including military defense systems, radar systems, and detection of icebergs. Technological advances resulted in new techniques becoming available for medical imaging, including ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. ⋯ Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is becoming a preferred imaging technique for rheumatic diseases, as it has many advantages. Among its advantages are being inexpensive, being radiation-free, having a dynamic image capacity, helping to detect disease activity, and helping with early detection and diagnosis of structural damage. This review summarizes the use of ultrasonography in rheumatic diseases.
-
Neonatal brain injury is a significant reason of neurodevelopmental abnormalities and long-term neurological impairments. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and preterm brain injury, including intraventricular hemorrhage are the most common grounds of brain injury for full-term and preterm neonates. The prevalence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy varies globally, ranging from 1 to 3.5/1000 live births in high-resource countries and 26/1000 in low-resource countries. ⋯ Neonates generally have biochemical iron inequalities, and their antioxidant potential is highly restricted, implying that ferroptosis may be significant in pathologic conditions. Moreover, inhaled nitric oxide therapy in infants may lead to microglial inflammation via ferroptosis and neuronal injury in the developing brain. This review article aims to summarize the studies that investigated the association between neonatal brain injury and iron metabolism, with a particular emphasis on the microglial activity and its application to the inhibition of neonatal brain injury.
-
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disease with multiple genetic and a variety of environmental risk factors. Although current drugs significantly aid in controlling the disease, many people have led to the application of complementary therapies due to the common belief that they are natural and safe, as well as due to the consideration of the side effect of current drugs. ⋯ In addition, the lack of complete and controlled long-term studies with the use of these complementary medicines regarding drug metabolism pose additional risk and unsafety. Thus, this review aims to give an overview of the potential interactions of drug-metabolizing enzymes with the complementary botanical medicines used in UC, drawing attention to possible adverse effects.
-
Biliary fistula is one of the most important complications in liver transplantation. Complications can vary from simple local peritonitis to death, and various techniques have been described to prevent them. In this study, we compared two different stenting methods used in biliary tract anastomosis in living-donor liver transplantation. ⋯ Our study did not show the effect of stenting methods used during biliary anastomosis on the development of complications. However, larger randomized controlled studies are needed.
-
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary stenting had a poor prognosis. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of CHA2DS2-VASc score for predicting and grading adverse clinical outcomes in this population. ⋯ CHA2DS2-VASc score was a reliable prognostic indicator in patients with AF and coronary stenting.