Postgraduate medicine
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2023
Microstructural and heavy metal analysis of gallstones prevalent in Jharkhand and its implications in the treatment.
In the present study the structural and compositional analysis of gallstones was carried out by various characterization techniques. Also, the utility of the study was evaluated on how the findings can enhance the treatment and dissolution therapies of gallstones? ⋯ The present study uncovered the current composition and content of different heavy metals in gallstones of Jharkhand region which can be instrumental in enhancing the dissolution therapies for gallstone treatment. This can serve as a major tool for practitioners for gallstone treatment and change the way they are looked at.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2023
Short night-time sleep duration is associated with thyroid nodules: A community-based survey from Guangzhou, China.
Sleep plays a critical role in maintaining human health. This study aimed to explore the association between sleep status and thyroid nodules. ⋯ Short nighttime sleep duration was associated with thyroid nodules in our community-based population. Screening for thyroid nodules among these individuals is recommended.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2023
Treatment characteristics among patients with binge-eating disorder: an electronic health records analysis.
Treatment for adults diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED) includes psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy and aims to reduce the frequency of binge-eating episodes and disordered eating, improve metabolic-related issues and reduce weight, and address mood symptoms. Data describing real-world treatment patterns are lacking; therefore, this study aims to characterize real-world treatment patterns among patients with BED. ⋯ This cohort of patients with BED was treated more frequently with pharmacotherapy than psychotherapy. These data may help inform strategies for reducing differences between real-world treatment patterns and evidence-based recommendations.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2023
Ground-glass opacity on Emergency Department chest X-ray: a risk factor for in-hospital mortality and organ failure in elderly admitted for COVID-19.
Ground-glass opacity is commonly seen on radiographic imaging tests of patients admitted for COVID-19. The main objective of this study is to determine if the presence of ground-glass opacity on chest X-rays carried out at the Emergency Department correlates with significantly higher mortality. A secondary objective is to clarify which characteristics are associated with those patients who presented ground-glass opacity. ⋯ Based on these results, the variable 'finding ground-glass opacity on chest X-rays carried out at the Emergency Department' should be assessed for inclusion in the different calculators that estimate the prognosis/mortality rate of patients admitted for COVID-19.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2023
ReviewEffectiveness of nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with diabetic kidney disease.
Nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are a new class of drugs developed to address the medical need for effective and safer treatment to protect the kidney and the heart in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). There are several drugs within this class at varying stages of clinical development. Finerenone is the first nonsteroidal MRA approved in the US for treating patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). ⋯ Finally, we show that nonsteroidal MRAs differ from steroidal MRAs based on pharmacology and clinical effects, giving the potential to expand the therapeutic options for patients with DKD. In the recently completed DKD outcome program comprising two randomized clinical trials - FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD - and the FIDELITY analysis of both trials evaluating more than 13,000 patients, the nonsteroidal MRA finerenone demonstrated beneficial effects on the kidney and the heart across a broad spectrum of patients with CKD and T2D. The long-term efficacy of finerenone on cardiac and renal morbidity and mortality endpoints, along with the anti-hypertensive efficacy of esaxerenone, widens the scope of available therapies for patients with DKD.