Postgraduate medicine
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2024
Role of the systemic immune-inflammation index in predicting spontaneous stone passage in patients with renal colic.
Renal colic (RC) is one of the most frequent reasons for presentation to the emergency department (ED) and creates a high economic and medical burden. Management strategies for RC range from waiting for spontaneous passage to surgical intervention. However, factors determining spontaneous stone passage (SSP) are still poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) in predicting SSP. ⋯ Our findings showed that a low SII level was associated with SSP and could be used as a predictive marker of SSP as a more valuable parameter than NLR. SII and NLR, together with other indicators, are inflammatory markers that can be used in the clinical decision-making process for ureteral stone treatment.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2024
High serum levels of CCL11/Eotaxin-1 are associated with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy and peripheral nerve function but not with cardiac autonomic neuropathy in people with type 2 diabetes.
To investigate whether higher serum CCL11/Eotaxin-1, a biomarker for aging and neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders, is associated with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN), peripheral nerve dysfunction, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy in people with type 2 diabetes. ⋯ University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000040631).
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2024
Is the fluoroquinolone combination necessary for empirical antibiotic regimen in severe community-acquired pneumonia?
This study aimed to assess whether superior clinical outcomes can be attained through piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP)+fluoroquinolone (FQ) combination therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) compared to TZP monotherapy. ⋯ In patients with severe CAP, there were no differences in the clinical outcomes, including mortality, between the TZP and FQ combination therapy and TZP monotherapy. FQ combination was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2024
Impact of on-call shifts on working memory and the role of burnout, sleep, and mental well-being in trainee physicians.
Optimal cognitive functions, including working memory (WM), are crucial to enable trainee physicians to perform and excel in their clinical practice. Several risk factors, including on-call shifts, poor mental health, burnout, and sleep problems, can impair clinical practice in trainee physicians, potentially through cognitive impairment; however, these associations have not been fully explored. ⋯ Working more on-call shifts is associated with compromised WM. Trainee physicians who experienced more depressive symptoms and burnout had worse WM.
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Postgraduate medicine · Apr 2024
ReviewGallbladder cancer: surgical treatment, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.
Gallbladder cancer is a common type of biliary tract tumor. Optimal management for early stage cases typically involves radical excision as the primary treatment modality. ⋯ Consequently, non-surgical interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, have become the mainstay of treatment for patients in advanced stages. This review focuses on elucidating various surgical techniques as well as advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapy in the context of recent advancements in gallbladder cancer research.