Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffects of the addition of subarachnoid clonidine to the anesthetic solution of sufentanil and hyperbaric or hypobaric bupivacaine for labor analgesia.
The addition of subarachnoid clonidine (alpha-agonist) prolongs the analgesia produced by the combination of sufentanil and isobaric bupivacaine in combined labor analgesia(1). The objective of this study was to compare the quality of analgesia and the prevalence of side effects after the addition of subarachnoid clonidine to the anesthetic solution in labor analgesia. ⋯ Under the conditions of the present study, the association of a small dose of clonidine (30 microg) with sufentanil caused a higher incidence of hypotension when the isobaric solution of the local anesthetic was used. For all other side effects, both hyperbaric and isobaric solutions showed similar behavior.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparative study between 25 x 0.70 mm and 20 x 0.55 mm needles for retrobulbar block with small volume of anesthetic for the treatment of cataracts by phacoemulsification.
The objective of this study was to compare the quality and safety of retrobulbar block for the treatment of cataracts by phacoemulsification using needles of different sizes: 27 x 0.70 mm and 20 x 0.55 mm. ⋯ Retrobulbar block with a single inferolateral puncture with a 20 x 0.55 mm needle, using low doses of anesthetics, is an effective and safe option for the treatment of cataracts by phacoemulsification.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Sep 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparative study for the postoperative analgesic efficacy of 20 mL at 0.5, 0.75, and 1% ropivacaine in posterior brachial plexus block.
Arthroscopic shoulder surgeries are associated with severe postoperative pain. Among the analgesic techniques available, brachial plexus block has the best results. The objective of this study was to determine which concentration of local analgesic used in the posterior brachial plexus block provides longer postoperative analgesia. ⋯ This study demonstrated that posterior brachial plexus block provides effective analgesia for shoulder surgeries. Twenty milliliters of ropivacaine in the different concentrations used in this study promoted similar analgesia.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jul 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the plasma levels of 50% enantiomeric excess (S75/R25) 0.5% bupivacaine combined with 1:200,000 epinephrine between the parasacral and infragluteal sciatic nerve blocks.
Local anesthetics (LA) are safe drugs when the proper dose and localization are used. The rate of absorption of the local anesthetic depends on its mass and blood flow at the site of the injection. The objective of this study was to analyze the plasma concentration of 50% enantiomeric excess (S75R25) 0.5% bupivacaine combined with 1:200,000 epinephrine in the parasacral (PS) and infragluteal (IG) sciatic nerve block (SNB). ⋯ Cmax of 0.5 % bupivacaine (S75/R25) with 1:200,000 in the parasacral approach was higher when compared with the infragluteal SNB.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparative study between one and two effective doses (ED95) of rocuronium for tracheal intubation.
Neuromuscular blockers (NMB) are used to induce relaxation of skeletal muscles and facilitate tracheal intubation (TI). According to the literature, two effective doses (ED95) of NMB are ideal for TI. Rocuronium is a steroid-type, synthetic, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker of medium duration. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the conditions of tracheal intubation with one and two effective doses (ED95) of rocuronium, following the criteria of the Copenhagen Consensus Conference. ⋯ Both doses of rocuronium, 0.3 mg kg(-1) and 0.6 mg kg(-1) ED95, provided clinically satisfactory parameters of TI in elective procedures.