Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2005
Levobupivacaine versus bupivacaine in epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Comparative study.
Local anesthetic bupivacaine is found in two different enantiomers: levobupivacaine - S (-) and dextrobupivacaine - R (+). Based on studies showing that S(-) enantiomers are less cardiotoxic, their use has been increasing in clinical practice. This study aimed at comparing racemic bupivacaine and levobupivacaine in epidural anesthesia for elective cesarean section. ⋯ Levobupivacaine and bupivacaine were equally effective for epidural block in patients undergoing cesarean section.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2005
Bilateral pudendal nerves block for postoperative analgesia with 0.25% S75:R25 bupivacaine. Pilot study on outpatient hemorrhoidectomy.
Hemorrhoidectomy may be performed under several anesthetic techniques and in outpatient regimen. Postoperative pain is severe and may delay discharge. This study aimed at evaluating bilateral pundendal nerves block for post- hemorrhoidectomy analgesia. ⋯ Bilateral pudendal nerves block oriented by nerve stimulator provides excellent analgesia with low need for opioids, without local or systemic complications and without urinary retention. Controlled studies might be able to show whether this should be the first analgesic option for hemorrhoidectomies. Perineal anesthesia lasting 20.21 hours shall induce further studies with stimulator-oriented pudendal block.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2005
Hemodynamic and ventilatory effects of volume or pressure controlled ventilation in dogs submitted to pneumoperitoneum. Comparative study.
Pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) is available in anesthesia machines, but there are no studies on its use during CO2 pneumoperitoneum (CPP). This study aimed at evaluating pressure-controlled ventilation and hemodynamic and ventilatory changes during CPP, as compared to conventional volume controlled ventilation (VCV). ⋯ There were some differences in hemodynamic and ventilatory data between both ventilation control modes (VC and PC). It is possible to use pressure controlled ventilation during CPP, but the anesthesiologist must monitor and take a close look at alveolar ventilation, adjusting inspiratory pressure to ensure proper CO2 elimination and oxygenation.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Oct 2005
[Effects of intramuscular and perineural clonidine on sciatic nerve block with 0.5% ropivacaine.].
This study evaluated the effects of clonidine on anesthesia onset, quality and duration of analgesia of sciatic nerve block using 0.5% ropivacaine. ⋯ Intramuscular or perineural clonidine has not affected anesthetic onset, quality or the duration of postoperative analgesia of 0.5% ropivacaine-induced sciatic nerve block.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Oct 2005
[Intraoperative analgesic effect of epidural ketamine, clonidine or dexmedetomidine for upper abdominal surgery.].
Low dose ketamine decreases nociception by blocking NMDA receptor channels. Alpha2-adrenergic receptor activation triggers intense analgesic response. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of epidural ketamine, clonidine and dexmedetomidine, in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery. ⋯ Epidural ketamine, clonidine or dexmedetomidine decreases alfentanil consumption and isoflurane inspired concentration in the intraoperative period of upper abdominal surgery.