Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jul 2019
Observational StudyProgress Toward Long-Term Survivors of Glioblastoma.
To identify the frequency and characteristics of long-term survivors of glioblastoma. ⋯ Despite improvements in median and short-term overall survival shown in recent large clinical trials for glioblastoma, the percentage of patients with glioblastoma achieving 5-year overall survival remains low. This observation calls for the development of practice-redefining therapies and justifies the increased application of radical novel and experimental treatment paradigms for all patients with glioblastoma.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jul 2019
ReviewClinical and Socioeconomic Predictors of Heart Failure Readmissions: A Review of Contemporary Literature.
Heart failure represents a clinical syndrome that results from a constellation of disease processes affecting myocardial function. Although recent studies have suggested a declining or stable incidence of heart failure, patients with heart failure continue to have high hospitalization and readmission rates, resulting in a substantial economic and public health burden. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to identify published literature from 1998 through 2018 using the following keywords: heart failure, readmissions, predictors, prediction models, and interventions. ⋯ However, heart failure remains the most common cause of hospitalization in persons older than 65 years. As a result, given the enormous clinical and financial burden associated with heart failure readmissions on health care, there has been growing interest in the investigation of mechanisms aimed at improving outcomes and curtailing associated costs of care. Herein, we review the current literature on clinical and socioeconomic predictors of heart failure readmissions, briefly discussing limitations of existing strategies and providing an overview of current technology aimed at reducing hospitalizations.
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Immune checkpoint inhibitors are molecules that increase the endogenous immune response against tumors. They have revolutionized the field of oncology. Since their initial approval for the treatment of advanced melanoma, their use has expanded to the treatment of several other advanced cancers. ⋯ Corticosteroids are commonly used for treatment of moderate and severe immune-related adverse events, although additional immunosuppressive therapy may occasionally be required. The occurrence of immune-related toxicities may require discontinuation of immunotherapy, depending on the specific toxicity and its severity. In this article, we provide a focused review to familiarize practicing clinicians with this important topic given that the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors continues to increase.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jul 2019
Comparative StudyComparing Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in the Real World: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
To determine and compare the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality of febuxostat and allopurinol use. ⋯ The use of febuxostat, compared with allopurinol, was associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse CV events. Higher febuxostat doses had a greater impact. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms linking febuxostat to adverse CV outcomes.