Latest Articles
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Med. Clin. North Am. · Mar 2025
ReviewEvaluation and Management of Acute Transient Loss of Consciousness.
Transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is among the most common complaints encountered by clinicians across specialties. Possible etiologies of acute TLOC can be classified as neurologic, systemic, and functional. ⋯ Functional neurologic disorders (also known as conversion disorders or psychogenic spells) refer to clinical conditions in which clinical presentation can mimic but does not completely fit with any specific neurologic or systemic disorder and conventional diagnostic testing reveals normal neurologic and systemic structures. The focus of this review will be on the diagnostic process and tools to differentiate between the multitudes of causes of TLOC.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Mar 2025
ReviewLanguage justice as health equity in palliative care: A scoping review.
Communication is the foundation of optimal healthcare provision. Linguistic diversity is a reality in palliative care settings. ⋯ To provide equitable care reflecting language justice, investigators and clinicians should include interpreters, patients, and families as integral team members. The increase in number of interventional studies suggests evidence of the value interpreters add to the palliative care team. Collaborating with linguistically diverse stakeholders reflects language justice and holds promise for ensuring optimal communication.
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Multicenter Study
PRX004 in variant amyloid transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis: results of a phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study.
The investigational monoclonal antibody PRX004 is designed to specifically target and deplete TTR amyloid. Here, we report on the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and preliminary clinical activity of PRX004 in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis. ⋯ PRX004 was well tolerated in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis and demonstrated potential clinical activity. A phase 2 randomised controlled trial in ATTR cardiomyopathy is ongoing (NCT05442047).
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Vocal cord disorders present with a variety of symptoms including dysphonia, respiratory symptoms, and stridor. When evaluating symptoms, a complete history and through head, neck, and neurologic examinations are necessary. ⋯ Most masses of the vocal folds are benign and resolve with voice hygiene and speech therapy. Surgery is reserved for persistent symptomatic nodules and cancerous lesions.
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To assess the incidence of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and the role of the future liver remnant (FLR) in children undergoing major hepatectomy. ⋯ This is the largest reported single-center series of pediatric major hepatectomies. PHLF is exceedingly rare in children. The liver volume-to-BW ratio is higher in children compared with adults, and the FLR is sufficient even in extreme resections with <20% of the liver remnant. These findings strongly question the use of asociating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, portal vein embolization, or transplantation based on suspected insufficient liver remnants in children.