Articles: checklist.
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Res Social Adm Pharm · Oct 2020
ReviewReporting quality of survey research articles published in the pharmacy literature.
Survey research methodology is commonly used in the pharmacy literature and standards have been set forth for quality reporting. A systematic review to assess the reporting quality of survey research has only been completed for general medical literature. ⋯ Survey research published in the pharmacy literature scored moderately on a published instrument designed for systematic appraisal of survey research reporting quality. Several areas for continued improvement exist for survey research reporting quality in the pharmacy literature.
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Review Practice Guideline
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative Well-Woman Chart: A Helpful Tool for the Practice of Internal Medicine.
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative (WPSI) is a national coalition of 21 professional organizations and patient representatives that develops, reviews, updates, and disseminates evidence-based clinical recommendations for women's preventive health care services, from adolescence into the postreproductive years. The aim of the WPSI is to provide a clinically useful tool for practicing clinicians to help them identify and implement recommended preventive care services. The Well-Woman Chart (WWC) was created to serve as a central reference of the evidence-based reviews and recommendations. ⋯ The topics included are updates to the 2011 Institute of Medicine recommendations, as well as any other topics that were deemed relevant to the well-being of women. A brief summary of preventive services recommended during the pregnancy and postpartum periods are also included, though the WWC is not meant to be a comprehensive guide for perinatal care. We encourage clinicians to familiarize themselves with the contents of the WWC and use this tool to educate others to ensure women receive optimized preventive services.
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Purpose To systematically assess the measurement properties and the quality of the evidence for measures of inclusion or exclusion at work. Methods Comprehensive searches of five electronic databases were conducted up to February 2019. Eligible studies aimed to develop a measure of workplace inclusion or exclusion or assessed at least one measurement property. ⋯ Most workplace inclusion instruments were not examined for some form of validity or reliability and evidence for responsiveness was absent. The quality of the evidence for content validity was low for 30% of studies and very low for 70% of studies. Conclusion Future research should focus on comprehensive evaluations of the psychometric properties of existing measures, with an emphasis on content validity, measurement error, reliability and responsiveness.
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J Am Assoc Nurse Pract · Aug 2020
ReviewEducation initiatives in cognitive debiasing to improve diagnostic accuracy in student providers: A scoping review.
The high prevalence of diagnostic errors by health care providers has prompted medical educators to examine cognitive biases and debiasing strategies in an effort to prevent these errors. The National Academy of Medicine hypothesized that explicit diagnostic reasoning education of all health care professionals can improve diagnostic accuracy. ⋯ There are myriad debiasing strategies student providers may use to mitigate cognitive bias. Structured reflection and education initiatives demonstrated the most consistent improvements in diagnostic accuracy. Future studies on debiasing strategies must include NP students to understand their response to these initiatives.
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Comment Review
Theory and practical use of Bayesian methods in interpreting clinical trial data: a narrative review.
The critical reading of scientific articles is necessary for the daily practice of evidence-based medicine. Rigorous comprehension of statistical methods is essential, as reflected by the extensive use of statistics in the biomedical literature. In contrast to the customary frequentist approach, which never uses or gives the probability of a hypothesis, Bayesian theory uses probabilities for both hypotheses and data. ⋯ The aim of this review is to compare general Bayesian concepts with frequentist methods to facilitate a better understanding of Bayesian theory for readers who are not familiar with this approach. The review is intended to be used in combination with a checklist we have devised for reading reports analysed by Bayesian methods. We compare and contrast the different approaches of Bayesian vs frequentist statistical methods by considering data from a clinical trial that lends itself to this comparative approach.