Articles: tampons.
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Review Meta Analysis
Prophylactic antibiotics for anterior nasal packing in emergency department: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinically-significant infections.
Patients presenting to emergency departments with spontaneous anterior epistaxis may undergo anterior nasal packing and sometimes receive systemic prophylactic antibiotics. There has not been sufficient evidence to support or refute this practice. The main objective of this study was to compare the likelihood of clinically significant infection (CSI) between patients with or without prophylactic antibiotics for anterior nasal packing due to spontaneous epistaxis. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggests that prescribing prophylactic antibiotics for anterior nasal packing may not be necessary due to the low proportion of CSIs across heterogenous patient populations. Further high-quality randomized trials are needed to support this finding.
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Faecal incontinence is a distressing disorder with high social stigma. Not all people with faecal incontinence can be cured with conservative or surgical treatment and they may need to rely on containment products, such as anal plugs. ⋯ The available data were limited and incomplete, and not all pre-specified outcomes could be evaluated. Consequently, only tentative conclusions are possible. The available data suggest that anal plugs can be difficult to tolerate. However, if they are tolerated they can be helpful in preventing incontinence. Plugs could then be useful in a selected group of people either as a substitute for other forms of management or as an adjuvant treatment option. Plugs come in different designs and sizes; the review showed that the selection of the type of plug can impact on its performance.