Articles: trauma.
-
Gender-oriented studies in shock, trauma, and/or sepsis require accurate monitoring of hormonal fluctuations as estrogens may influence various end points. Yet, monitoring is challenging in small laboratory animals: e.g., despite its subjectivity, vaginal smears are the major method for determination of estrus cycle phases in mice. Using female mice of different age, we aimed to (a) characterize general age-related changes in systemic estrogens and (b) examine the utility of determination of the estrus cycle by vaginal smears and/or impedance simultaneously comparing them with oscillation of systemic estrogens. ⋯ In conclusion, while the fecal estrogens oscillation and frequency of estrus phase were affected by age, the systemic hormone release persisted. In mice, vaginal cytology did not reflect changes of systemic (fecal) estrogens, whereas impedance accurately identified estrus. The flaws and advantages of the examined monitoring methods should be considered in the design of future shock studies.
-
Pre-hospital care is provided by a variety of models worldwide. The Tayside Trauma Team responds from Ninewells Hospital in Dundee to provide a physician-led pre-hospital care service targeted primarily at trauma patients. We present a description of the functions of the team, and data detailing the clinical work of the Team over a six-month period. ⋯ The Tayside Trauma Team provides a physician-led pre-hospital care response on demand from the Scottish Ambulance Service. It provides critical care interventions at the scene of various incidents (primarily traumatic) to attempt to improve patient outcome. Response times are favourable.
-
ABSTRACTIntroduction:Emergency medicine point-of-care ultrasonography (EM-PoCUS) is a core competency for residents in the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and College of Family Physicians of Canada emergency medicine (EM) training programs. Although EM-PoCUS fellowships are currently offered in Canada, there is little consensus regarding what training should be included in a Canadian EM-PoCUS fellowship curriculum or how this contrasts with the training received in an EM residency. ⋯ This is the first needs assessment of major stakeholders in Canada to identify competencies for expert training in EM-PoCUS. The competencies should form the basis for EM-PoCUS fellowship programs in Canada.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2014
Case ReportsPosttraumatic superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a 2 year old.
Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis (SOVT) usually results from inflammatory, infectious, or malignant causes. This case describes a 2-year-old boy with severe prolapsing chemosis and proptosis due to thrombosis of the right superior ophthalmic vein resulting from midfacial and right orbital fractures 1 week after the initial trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging and internal carotid artery angiogram are essential in the diagnosis of SOVT. The literature on issues surrounding this case was reviewed with emphasis on the diagnostic evaluation, differential diagnoses, and management of posttraumatic SOVT.
-
To reduce the high rate of soft tissue complications in the treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus, several minimally invasive techniques have been developed. Little evidence exists on the clinical outcome of these techniques. ⋯ Level IV, retrospective case series.