Articles: analgesia.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 1999
Toward a canon of the pain and analgesia literature: a citation analysis.
The purpose of this study was to use citation analysis to identify major themes and contributors to the pain and analgesia literature over the past two decades. A citation analysis was performed on a database of more than 110,000 articles in the biomedical literature from January 1981 through June 1997, and in the interval from January 1988 through June 1997. Articles and authors related to pain and analgesia research and practice were identified by searching approximately 7,700 journals. The 20 articles and 20 authors with the most citations were then checked by hand to ensure relevance to pain or analgesia. Most of the high-impact articles identified pertained to research on basic pain pathways. Nearly all the articles concerned opioids, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and consequences of analgesic use. None of the highest-impact articles address assessment of clinical pain. Few women were first authors of any most frequently cited paper. Citation analysis is a useful tool in identifying important contributions to the biomedical literature. Recent and continuing research trends include the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, opioid mechanisms, and persistent pain disorders. Current trends expected to become stronger include description of pain from the patient's perspective and mechanisms of the transition from acute to chronic pain. ⋯ We performed a citation analysis to identify important contributions and contributors to the biomedical literature. Recent pain and analgesia research has been focused on mechanisms of pain, but evidence suggests the importance of understanding the pain experience from the patient's perspective and the transition from acute to chronic pain.
-
Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Dec 1999
Analgesia with femoral nerve block for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is performed routinely as an outpatient surgical procedure despite few studies of patient acceptance or postoperative patient analgesia. This study reports the first series of postoperative femoral nerve blocks as analgesia for outpatient anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The authors retrospectively reviewed 161 patients undergoing two incision arthroscopically assisted autograft middle 1/3 patellar tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on an out-patient basis at the authors' institution during a period of 30 months. ⋯ However, 69% of patients staying overnight cited reasons other than pain as factors in their stay. No significant complications were reported. Based on these results, the administration of a femoral nerve block is recommended for patients undergoing outpatient anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction because it is a highly effective form of analgesia with an excellent degree of patient satisfaction.
-
Case Reports
Thoracic epidural analgesia via the caudal approach using nerve stimulation in an infant with CATCH22.
To illustrate insertion of an epidural catheter via caudal route in a small infant under electrical stimulation guidance. ⋯ Epidural stimulation may help placement of the epidural catheter at the appropriate dermatome for effective anesthesia and analgesia.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Dec 1999
Continuous-flow delivery of nitrous oxide and oxygen: a safe and cost-effective technique for inhalation analgesia and sedation of pediatric patients.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) safely and rapidly alleviates the pain and distress of minor procedures in the emergency department (ED). We have found self-administration in children does not consistently achieve acceptable analgesia and sedation. ⋯ In collaboration with the Departments of Anesthesiology, Dentistry, and Respiratory Therapy, we constructed a continuous-flow system for delivering N2O and oxygen (O2). The following is a description of the components, assembly, and use of a continuous-flow machine that safely and inexpensively delivers N2O and O2 to children.