Articles: propylene-glycols.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Oral fingolimod (FTY720) in relapsing multiple sclerosis: impact on health-related quality of life in a phase II study.
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) worsens with multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses and disease progression. Common symptoms including depression and fatigue may contribute to poor HRQoL. ⋯ Fingolimod 1.25 mg may improve HRQoL and depression at 6 months compared with placebo in patients with relapsing MS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Fingolimod (FTY720), a sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor modulator that prevents lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes, showed clinical efficacy and improvement on imaging in a phase 2 study involving patients with multiple sclerosis. ⋯ This trial showed the superior efficacy of oral fingolimod with respect to relapse rates and MRI outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis, as compared with intramuscular interferon beta-1a. Longer studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of treatment beyond 1 year. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00340834.)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Oral fingolimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor modulator that prevents the egress of lymphocytes from lymph nodes, significantly improved relapse rates and end points measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as compared with either placebo or intramuscular interferon beta-1a, in phase 2 and 3 studies of multiple sclerosis. ⋯ As compared with placebo, both doses of oral fingolimod improved the relapse rate, the risk of disability progression, and end points on MRI. These benefits will need to be weighed against possible long-term risks. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00289978.)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Oral fingolimod (FTY720) for relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Fingolimod (FTY720) is a new oral immunomodulating agent under evaluation for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. ⋯ In this proof-of-concept study, fingolimod reduced the number of lesions detected on MRI and clinical disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis. Evaluation in larger, longer-term studies is warranted. (Clinicaltrials.gov numbers, NCT00333138 [core study] and NCT00235430 [ClinicalTrials.gov] [extension].).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Efficacy and safety of levodropropizine and dihydrocodeine on nonproductive cough in primary and metastatic lung cancer.
Nonproductive cough is a frequent and distressing symptom in patients with lung cancer, and it is not even relieved by palliative chemotherapy. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial regarding the treatment of nonproductive cough was performed in 140 adults with primary lung cancer or metastatic cancer of the lungs. The therapeutic efficacy and the tolerability of a 7-day treatment with levodropropizine drops (75 mg t.i.d.) were evaluated in comparison with dihydrocodeine drops (10 mg t.i.d.; 7 days). ⋯ The number of patients reporting adverse events was similar in the levodropropizine (n=6) and dihydrocodeine (n=4) group. However, the percentage of patients experiencing somnolence in the group receiving levodropropizine (8%) was significantly lower as compared with that of the dihydrocodeine group (22%). These results confirm the antitussive effectiveness of levodropropizine and suggest a more favourable benefit/risk profile when compared to dihydrocodeine.