Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Apr 2024
ReviewBeta-Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism and Patho-Genetics of Trauma: A Transformational Frontier of Personalized Medicine in Neurotrauma.
Trauma is a serious public health issue, and remains a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. The notion that genetic factors contribute to an individual's response to traumatic injury has advanced significantly. Genetic variations in severely injured patients have been linked to mortality, morbidity, and psychological outcomes. ⋯ Therefore, it is imperative to identify potential genetic and physiological markers to guide early management and prognosis of trauma. Such knowledge could pave the way for the discovery of novel biomarkers that can identify a transdiagnostic subgroup that is at high risk and requires early intervention. This could lead to the adoption of personalized medical approaches in neurotrauma care.
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Review Case Reports
From Trauma to Tumour: exploring post-TBI glioblastoma patient characteristics.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is very rare and has not been comprehensively characterized by current literature. This systematic review aimed to characterize demographics of patients with post-TBI GBM. ⋯ This systematic review highlights a possible link to GBM development at the previous TBI site. Updated criteria for identifying post-TBI brain tumors are proposed to keep abreast with the latest advances in classifying central nervous system tumors. To establish a definitive link, a large-scale international multicenter study investigating the occurrence of World Health Organization grade IV IDH-wildtype de novo GBM after TBI is crucial. Regular monitoring, especially in middle-aged and older patients with TBI, is advisable.
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Review Meta Analysis
Assessing the impact of pre-hospital airway management on severe traumatic Brain injury: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.
This study aimed to assess the impact of establishing a pre-hospital definitive airway on mortality and morbidity compared with no prehospital airway in cases of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ In summary, an initial assessment did not reveal any apparent disparity in mortality rates between individuals who received prehospital intubation and those who did not. However, subsequent analyses and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated that patients who underwent prehospital intubation had a reduced risk of death and morbidity. The dependence on biased observational studies and the need for further replicated RCTs to validate these findings are evident. Despite the intricacy of the matter, it is crucial to intervene during severe airway impairment.
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Review
Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A US Nationwide Analysis.
One of the most critical issues in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI) is protecting the airway and attempting to keep a secure airway. It is evident that tracheostomy in patients with TBI after 7-14 days can have favorable outcomes if the patient cannot be extubated; however, some clinicians have recommended early tracheostomy before 7 days. ⋯ This study shows that ET can provide notable and significant benefits for patients with TBI. Future high-quality prospective studies should be performed to investigate and shed more light on the ideal timing of tracheostomy in patients with TBI.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Apr 2024
ReviewIs pre-injury socioeconomic status associated with outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury? A systematic review.
While socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with a variety of health outcomes, the literature on the association between SES and traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes has not been formally summarized. This study aims to review existing literature to ascertain whether patients with low SES pre-injury have worse clinical outcomes after TBI compared with those with high SES, in high-income countries. A systematic search was conducted using the MEDLINE, Embase, and PsychINFO databases. ⋯ Five of eight studies showed an association between low SES and worse functional outcomes; results for cognitive (n = 13) and vocational outcomes (n = 10) were mixed. The results of this review suggest that SES is a variable of interest in the context of TBI outcomes and should be assessed at time of admission to assist in social work discharge planning and early mobilization of available community resources. Further work is required to better understand the impact of SES on TBI outcomes.