Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces significant neuroinflammation, primarily driven by microglia. Neonatal microglia (NMG) may have therapeutic potential by modulating the inflammatory response of damaged adult microglia (AMG). This study investigates the influence of NMG on AMG function through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and the formation of tunneling nanotubes (TnTs), with a focus on the role of Serpina3n. ⋯ Inhibition of Serpina3n in NMG increased pro-inflammatory markers and decreased TnTs formation proteins, whereas overexpression of M-sec in AMG counteracted these effects. This highlights the importance of TnTs in maintaining microglial function and promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. In conclusion, NMG improve the function of damaged AMG by modulating ECM remodeling and promoting TnTs formation through the action of Serpina3n.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jan 2025
Multicenter Study Observational StudyD-dimer cutoff values for predicting functional prognosis in patients with severe head trauma: a multi-centre prospective observational study.
D-dimer, a fibrinolysis indicator, may predict functional and life outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. We aimed to identify optimal D-dimer cutoff values for poor functional outcomes in severe TBI. ⋯ A cutoff value of 27.2 µg/mL for early-stage D-dimer levels could predict the functional prognosis of patients with severe isolated TBI.
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To determine the prognostic impacts of the characteristics in routine plasma and blood tests for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ TBI patients receiving diverse treatments might have different pathophysiologic conditions and different influencing factors of prognosis.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jan 2025
Review Meta AnalysisAccuracy of GFAP and UCH-L1 in predicting brain abnormalities on CT scans after mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In recent years, blood biomarkers including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have shown a promising ability to detect head CT abnormalities following TBI. This review aims to combine the existing research on GFAP and UCH-L1 biomarkers and examine how well they can predict abnormal CT results after mild TBI. ⋯ Present results suggest that GFAP and UCH-L1 have the clinical potential for screening mild TBI patients for intracranial abnormalities on head CT scans.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jan 2025
Pre-injury narcotic drug use in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: effect on outcomes.
The aim of this study was to explore the association between pre-injury narcotic drug use (opioids, methadone, and/or oxycodone) and outcomes in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. ⋯ Pre-injury narcotic drug use in isolated severe TBI is not associates with adverse outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the biochemical and physiological effects of narcotic drugs on TBI outcomes.