Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jun 2024
Characteristics and demography of low energy fall injuries in patients > 60 years of age: a population-based analysis over a decade with focus on undertriage.
An increasing group of elderly patients is admitted after low energy falls. Several studies have shown that this patient group tends to be severely injured and is often undertriaged. ⋯ Patients aged > 60 years with low energy falls are dominated by head injuries, and the 30-day mortality is 13%. Patients with major trauma are undertriaged in half the cases mandating increased awareness of this patient group.
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Review Meta Analysis
Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in acute traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Tranexamic acid (TXA) holds a pivotal role in the therapeutic approach to traumatic conditions. Nevertheless, its precise influence on diminishing mortality and limiting the progression of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) during the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains indeterminate. ⋯ TXA did not elevate the risk of adverse event, however, the lack of reduction in mortality and the poor clinical outcomes constrain the value of clinical application. Early administration of TXA (within 3 h) may significantly decrease the likelihood of ICH growth in patients with TBI.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading contributor to emergency department (ED) mortalities in Ethiopia. Mild TBI patients comprise half of all TBI patients presenting for care in Ethiopia and have a high potential for recovery. As such, context-specific care-improving strategies may be highly impactful for this group of patients. ⋯ This study characterizes the mTBI subgroup of head injury patients in Ethiopia's busiest ED: predominantly healthy young men with low-acuity presentations and only a fraction with abnormal neurological examinations. Nonetheless, about one-third had ciTBI and a minority were taken for neurosurgical procedures or admission, with female sex and self-referral identified as protective factors. Meanwhile, many patients stayed in the ED for days due to social or other nonmedical reasons. As TBI care in Ethiopia continues to improve, optimizing care for the mTBI subgroup is tantamount given their high recovery potential. This care will benefit from efficiently identifying those who need intervention or hospital level of care, and discharging those who do not.
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The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older individuals is increasing with an increase in the older population. For older people, the required medical interventions and hospitalization following minor head injury have negative impacts, which have not been reported in literature up till now. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) in older patients with minor head injury. ⋯ In older patients with minor head injury, GCS ≤14, high-risk mechanisms of injury, vomiting, and retrograde amnesia are risk factors for ciTBI.
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Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a mechanism of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) with high morbidity and mortality. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS), defined as organ dysfunction in two or more organ systems, is also associated with morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Our objective was to compare the frequency of MODS and evaluate its association with outcome between AHT and accidental TBI (aTBI). ⋯ Abusive head trauma as a mechanism was associated with MODS following TBI. Both AHT mechanism and MODS were associated with new impairment at all time points.