Articles: disease.
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Two surveys of a Northern Ireland student sample were conducted in 1987 and 1988. A total of 419 female and 201 male subjects completed self-administered anonymous questionnaires concerning their behavior, knowledge, and attitudes towards sex, AIDS, homosexuality, contraception, and relationships. Results indicated a relatively low level of sexual experience, and for those with experience, relatively few partners. ⋯ Attitudes towards contraception were more positive than expected among Catholic subjects, and few indicated that they would refuse to use contraceptives on principle. Responses to items about AIDS were highly uniform, suggesting that much of the information made available to the public has been absorbed. However, the lack of uniformity of response to more general items about sex, relationships, and contraception may indicate that fundamental changes in sexual behavior are unlikely to be brought about by influencing a rather narrowly defined set of attitudes about AIDS.
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In Brazil, until 1990, the authorities could legally arrest a child found alone in the streets, and put them in prison-like institutions. Their crime? To be poor, usually black and living on the streets. The Brazilian Center for the Defense of the Rights of Children and Adolescents (SOS Crianca) was set up a few years ago with the aim of changing this legislation. ⋯ How many young people does SOS Crianca reach? The answer is not only to do with the numbers seeking health care, but also how many clinic doors are open to them. More and more young people, not just those living on the streets where SOS Crianca works, but others in poor communities, are using the service. It is called "Health Maloca," because the children call their makeshift homes--shelters made of cardboard and newspaper--"malocas." The name also symbolizes that these young people need to find their own ways of taking more control over their bodies and lives.
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The Journal of urology · May 1992
Review Case ReportsLaparoscopic orchiectomy and contralateral vasectomy in a patient with an abdominal testicle: a case report.
We present a case of a 38-year-old man with a unilateral intra-abdominal testicle and undesired fertility in whom orchiectomy and contralateral vasectomy were performed laparoscopically. Urologists have been using diagnostic laparoscopy in patients with nonpalpable testes to plan the definitive procedure when the testicle is present, and to avoid laparotomy in cases of testicular absence. This case of laparoscopic orchiectomy and vasectomy demonstrates that operative laparoscopy allows another subset of patients with cryptorchidism to avoid open laparotomy.
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While most Third World countries, particularly in Africa and Latin America, have experienced a deterioration in child welfare as a result of the severe economic downturn in the 1980s, Southeast Asia in general managed to sustain improvements in the situation of its children because it has maintained satisfactory rates of economic growth. However, there were exceptions within Southeast Asia. The Philippines, Vietnam, Dem. ⋯ Long-term investments in health, nutrition and other social services in Thailand (as well as in Indonesia) have paid off according to the assessment by the United Nations (1990). It appears, therefore, that the nutrition situation in developing countries is highly dependent on the economic situation, globally and nationally (Cornia et al. 1987), as well as on investment in social services. Adjustment policies should, therefore, consider their implications on distribution and poverty in order that they could positively contribute to the improvement of the nutrition of the people.