Articles: disease.
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Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and can affect the motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of PD patients. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical factors affected by RLS in patients with PD. We included 369 de novo PD patients. ⋯ The International RLS Study Group rating scale score was significantly related to PSQI components scores in the sleep disturbances, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, and subjective sleep quality. RLS frequency in de novo PD patients is higher than that in the general population, and the main NMS affected by RLS in these patients is sleep disturbances. Therefore, it is necessary to manage RLS in PD patients with sleep disturbances.
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Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a benign, inflammatory disease of breasts characterized by non-caseating granulomas. Our study aims to identify distinguishing clinical and histopathological features of relapsing disease compared to those in complete remission. We queried databases at our institution (1990-2021) to include females ≥18 years with biopsy-proven diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, excluding patients with breast cancer, lymphoproliferative disorders, solid organ malignancy, foreign body reaction in breast, plasma cell mastitis, and ductal ectasia. ⋯ Three (33%) patients with relapse and 14 (77%) with remission, had abscess formation confirmed on histopathology (P = .04). Patients with remission had a higher number of abscesses on histopathology and history of oral contraceptive use was associated with more relapse. By identifying key clinical and histopathological findings in this population may guide prognosis and treatment of these patients.
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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus that leads to end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia triggers apoptosis and kidney damage. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) and TAM receptor tyrosine kinases, Tyro3, Axl, and Mer, are phagocytic receptors that mediate the clearance of apoptotic cells. This study aimed to identify the role of MFG-E8 and TAM receptors in the development of DN. ⋯ Decreased MFG-E8 and TAM receptor expression is associated with an increased risk of microvascular complications in patients with T2DM, which plays a critical role in the diagnosis of diabetic patients with microvascular complications, especially early stage DN, and in monitoring the development of DN.
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Multicenter Study
Quasi-experimental Controlled Study on the Effect of Autism Resource Clinic Guardian Attendance at a Military Treatment Facility.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that requires multidisciplinary care. Evidence-based practice indicates that early intervention may improve long-term ASD outcomes. The Autism Resource Clinic (ARC) provides an educational session for guardians empowering them to build a personalized ASD team for their child. We examined the impact of guardian attendance of an ARC at a Military Treatment Facility on time to initiation of patient services and guardian stress level. ⋯ Although ARC did not influence time to initiation of patient services or guardian stress level, attendance of ARC was associated with more frequent use of Applied Behavioral Analysis services and county early intervention services. This pilot study is unique as it targets guardians of ASD patients within military treatment facilities. Study limitations include data collection during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, sequential evaluation of experimental and control groups, sample size and generalizability. A large, multicenter, randomized controlled trial is required to better assess the impact of this educational opportunity among military populations.
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Review Case Reports
Misdiagnosis and mistreatment of transverse testicular ectopia-two case report and review of literature.
Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare congenital malformation with a high rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment before operation, which cannot be diagnosed even during operation due to lack of knowledge. ⋯ The clinical misdiagnosis and mistreatment rate of TTE is very high. Once the patients with cryptorchidism complicated with inguinal hernia are found in clinic, the possibility of the disease must be considered. For the patients whose cryptorchidism does not descend into the ipsilateral scrotum and it is difficult to diagnose, laparoscopy can be used for both diagnosis and treatment. If a patient has both inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism, it is crucial to rule out a diagnosis of TTE to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.