Articles: disease.
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Review Case Reports
A malignant proliferating trichilemmal cyst arising on the elbow of a man: A case report and review of the literature.
Trichilemmal cysts (TCs) are common benign cysts that form from the hair follicles in the skin. Proliferating trichilemmal cysts (PTCs) are rare types of TCs characterized by rapid cellular proliferation. Malignant transformation of PTC (MPTC) is a rare adnexal tumor that account for <0.1% of all skin cancers. TCs and PTCs are benign tumors; however, MPTCs grow rapidly and are prone to metastasis. ⋯ In addition to being a very rare disease, MTPC occurred in the elbow of a man who does not fit the general etiology; therefore, it is considered an interesting case, and we report this case for academic contribution.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Biofeedback physical regulation of hypertension based on acupoints: A clinical trial.
Hypertension is a predominant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has imposed a global disease burden. Poor medication compliance is the major obstacle to antihypertensive drug therapy, and negative mood status is also detrimental to blood pressure (BP) management. While transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), as an electrical stimulation modality for biofeedback physical regulation based on acupoints, offers a such nondrug alternative option that is noninvasive, safe, and effective with high adherence. However, the optimal stimulation parameters of TEAS for hypertension remain unclear, especially the frequency, which needs further exploration. ⋯ As a pre-study for the next large clinical trial of TEAS for hypertension, this study will offer references for optimized frequency of biofeedback electrical devices and promote more consciousness of the benefits of body-mind holistic regulation of BP, thereby achieving proactive and overall process management of BP.
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Neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is related to chronic neurodegenerative diseases and is one of the causes of acute secondary injury after TBI. Therefore, it is particularly important to clarify the role of cellular mechanisms in the neuroinflammatory response after TBI. The objective of this article is to understand the involvement of cells during the TBI inflammatory response (for instance, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) and shed light on the recent progress in the stimulation and interaction of granulocytes and lymphocytes, to provide a novel approach for clinical research. ⋯ However, not all of the mechanisms of cell-to-cell interactions have been well studied. After TBI, clinical treatment cannot simply suppress the inflammatory response, and the inflammatory phenotype of patients' needs to be defined according to their specific conditions after injury. Clinical trials of personalized inflammation regulation therapy for specific patients should be carried out in order to improve the prognosis of patients.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jun 2023
Role of metformin in the management of type 2 diabetes: recent advances.
Metformin is one of the oldest antidiabetic medications, commonly used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Its mechanism of action is based on reducing glucose production in the liver, decreasing insulin resistance, and increasing insulin sensitivity. The drug has been studied extensively and has been shown to be effective in lowering blood glucose levels without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. ⋯ According to current guidelines, metformin can be used as the first‑line agent in the management of diabetes; however, in individuals with type 2 diabetes who would benefit from cardio‑renal protection, newer agents, such as sodium‑glucose cotransporter‑2 inhibitors and glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists, are favored as the first‑line therapy. The novel classes of antidiabetic medications have demonstrated significant positive effects on glycemia with added benefits in patients with obesity, renal disease, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease. The emergence of these more effective agents has significantly altered the way diabetes is managed, thus prompting re‑evaluation of metformin as the initial therapy for all patients with diabetes.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jun 2023
Adherence to the 2021 dietary guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology on cardiovascular disease prevention in residents of the Pomeranian Voivodeship with increased cardiovascular risk.
Good eating habits can reduce cardiovascular risk. ⋯ The smokers with increased cardiovascular risk did not comply with the 2021 ESC dietary recommendations. The most common error was inadequate consumption of vegetables, fruits, and nuts.