Articles: drug-resistance.
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Urinary tract infections are common in pediatrics. Knowledge of local resistance patterns is crucial to guide empirical antibiotic therapy. We aimed to review the pathogens implicated in urinary tract infections, local resistance patterns, and the impact of switching first-line empirical antibiotic regimens. ⋯ E.coli remains the predominant pathogen in pediatric urinary tract infections. Resistance to A-C in our sample was high (33.1%). The switch from A-C to cefuroxime as first-line agent resulted in a decreasing trend in A-C resistance, while cefuroxime resistance remained low and even slightly lower.
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The lancet oncology · Feb 2025
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPembrolizumab with or without bevacizumab in platinum-resistant recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and suppresses the anti-tumour immune response. Previous studies have shown that adding anti-VEGF treatment to PD-1 inhibition treatment strategies improves tumour response. We aimed to compare the efficacy of pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, with or without bevacizumab, a VEGF inhibitor, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. ⋯ National Medical Research Council of Singapore, National Research Foundation Singapore, Singapore Ministry of Education under its Research Centres of Excellence initiatives, and Merck Sharp & Dohme.
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Resistance to chemotherapy containing cisplatin (DDP) is a main challenge in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) is frequently downregulated in DDP-resistant cells. However, it is unclear whether FOXO4 down-regulation is related to DDP resistance. Here, we investigated the relationship between FOXO4 and DDP resistance in TNBC. ⋯ FOXO4 overexpression, in combination with autophagy inhibitors, can significantly improve the sensitivity of TNBC-resistant cells to DDP. These findings reveal the role and mechanism of FOXO4 in DDP sensitivity and may provide evidence for the development of TNBC therapies.
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Antibiotic overuse is highly reported among dentists worldwide. An antibiotic stewardship programme has been shown to be effective for decreasing the number of unappropriated antibiotic prescriptions. The goal of this survey was to assess dentists' awareness of antibiotic stewardship and their willingness to implement changes accordingly. ⋯ Awareness of antibiotic stewardship was low among dentists with different levels of experience. However, dentists were willing to change their antibiotic prescription habits if policies were implemented as part of a stewardship programme at the school.